Although peer navigators have gained traction within health care, they are still a relatively new feature of criminal justice–involved organizations. Based on data gathered from interviews, nonparticipant observations, and focus groups from a nonprofit that employs peer navigators to assist clients returning from prison with diagnosed mental illnesses, we argue that peer navigators play multiple roles that extend beyond the client level by influencing the organization and its interaction with the community. Importantly, we discuss these implications for the organization and suggest structure and socialization issues for the integration of criminal justice–involved peer navigators.
ByrneJ.TaxmanF. (1995). Mentally ill offenders: An overview of issues. Perspectives, 19, 41-44.
2.
CampbellJ. (2005). The historical and philosophical development of peer-run support programs. In ClayS. (Ed.), On our own, together: Peer programs for people with mental illness (pp. 17-64). Nashville, TN: Vanderbilt University Press.
3.
ChamberlinJ. (1978). On our own: Patient-controlled alternatives to the mental health system. New York, NY: Hawthorn Books.
4.
CharmazK. (1995). The body, identity, and self: Adapting to impairment. The Sociological Quarterly, 36, 657-680.
5.
CharmazK. (2011). Grounded theory methods in social justice research. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
6.
ChinmanM.YoungA. S.HassellJ.DavidsonL. (2006). Toward the implementation of mental health consumer provider services. The Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research, 33, 176-195.
7.
ClarkeG. N.HerinckxH. A.KinneyR. F.PaulsonR. I.CutlerD. L.LewisK.OxmanE. (2000). Psychiatric hospitalizations, arrests, emergency room visits, and homelessness of clients with serious and persistent mental illness: Findings from a randomized trial of two ACT programs vs. usual care. Mental Health Services Research, 2, 155-164.
8.
CloyesK. G.WongB.LatimerS.AbarcaJ. (2010). Time to prison return for offenders with serious mental illness released from prison: A survival analysis. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 37, 175-187.
9.
DauphinotL. L. (1997). The efficacy of community correctional supervision for offenders with severe mental illness (Doctoral dissertation). Available from ProQuest Information & Learning.
10.
DavidsonL.ChinmanM.KloosB.WeingartenR.StaynerD.TebesJ. K. (1999). Peer support among individuals with severe mental illness: A review of the evidence. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 6, 165-187.
11.
DavidsonL.ChinmanM.SellsD.RoweM. (2006). Peer support among adults with serious mental illness: A report from the field. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 32, 443-450.
12.
DavidsonL.RoweM. (2008). Peer support within criminal justice settings: The role of forensic peer specialists. Delmar, NY: CMHS National GAINS Center.
13.
DittonP. M. (1999). Special report: Mental health and treatment of inmates and probationers. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics.
14.
DohanD.SchragD. (2005). Using navigators to improve care of underserved patients. Cancer, 104, 848-855.
15.
DraineJ.HermanD. (2007). Critical time intervention for reentry from prison for persons with mental illness. Psychiatric Services, 58, 1577-1581.
16.
DraineJ.WolffN.JacobyJ. E.HartwellS.DuclosC. (2005). Understanding community re-entry of former prisoners with mental illness: A conceptual model to guide new research. Behavioral Sciences and the Law, 23, 689-707.
17.
EmersonR. M. (2001). Contemporary field research: Perspectives and formulations. Prospect Heights, IL: Waveland Press.
18.
FeltonC. J.StastnyP.ShernD. L.BlanchA.DonahueS. A.KnightE.BrownC. (1995). Consumers as peer specialists on intensive case management teams: Impact on client outcomes. Psychiatric Services, 46, 1037-1044.
19.
GlaserB.StraussA. (1967). The discovery of grounded theory. London, England: Weidenfield & Nicolson.
20.
GoldstromI. D.CampbellJ.RogersJ. A.LambertD. B.BlacklowB.HendersonM. J.ManderscheidR. W. (2006). National estimates for mental health mutual support groups, self-help organizations, and consumer-operated services. Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research, 33(1), 92-103.
21.
GreenbergG.RosenheckR. (2008). Jail incarceration, homelessness, and mental health: A national study. Psychiatric Services, 59, 170-177.
22.
GriswoldK. S.PastoreP. A.HomishG. G.HenkeA. (2010). Access to primary care: Are mental health peers effective in helping patients after a psychiatric emergency?Primary Psychiatry, 17(6), 42-45.
23.
GrobG. N. (1991). From asylum to community. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
24.
JamesD. J.GlazeL. E. (2006). Mental health problems of prison and jail inmates. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Bureau of Justice Statistics.
25.
LattimoreP. K.VisherC. A. (2013). The impact of prison reentry services on short-term outcomes evidence from a multisite evaluation. Evaluation review, 37, 274-313.
26.
LehmanA. F. (1995). Vocational rehabilitation in schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull, 21, 645-656.
27.
LoflandJ.LoflandL. H. (2006). Analyzing social settings. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Publishing Company.
28.
LoudenJ. E.SkeemJ. L.CampJ.ChristensenE. (2008). Supervising probationers with mental disorder: How do agencies respond to violations?Criminal Justice and Behavior, 35, 832-847.
29.
LovellD.GagliardiG. J.PetersonP. D. (2002). Recidivism and use of services among persons with mental illness after release from prison. Psychiatric Services, 53, 1290-1296.
30.
LurigioA. J.RollinsA.FallonJ. (2004). The effects of serious mental illness on offender reentry. Federal Probation, 68, 45-52.
31.
MeadS. (2003). Defining peer support. Intentional peer support: An alternative approach. Retrieved from: http://www.intentionalpeersupport.org (accessed 5 May 2015).
32.
MeadS.MacNeilC. (2005). Peer support: What makes it unique?International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation, 10(2), 29-37.
33.
MessinaN.BurdonW.HagopianG.PrendergastM. (2004). One year return to custody rates among co-disordered offenders. Behavioral Sciences & the Law, 22, 503-518.
34.
MiyamotoY.SonoT. (2012). Lessons from peer support among individuals with mental health difficulties: A review of the literature. Clinical Practice & Epidemiology in Mental Health, 8, 22-29.
35.
MorrillC. (1995). The executive way: Conflict management in corporations. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
36.
MueserK. T.BennettM.KushnerM. G. (1995). Epidemiology of substance use disorders among persons with chronic mental illnesses. In LehmanA. F. (Ed.); DixonL. B. (Ed.). (1995). Double jeopardy: Chronic mental illness and substance use disorders (pp. 9-25). Langhorne, England, PA: Harwood Academic Publishers, Gordon, xi, 306 pp.
37.
OnkenS. J.DumontJ. M.RidgwayP.DornanD. H.RalphR. O. (2002). Mental health recovery: What helps and what hinders? (A national research project for the development of recovery facilitating system performance indicators). Alexandria, VA: Prepared for National Technical Assistance Center for State Mental Health Planning, National Association of State Mental Health Program Directors.
38.
Orlando-MorningstarD.SkolerG.Holliday. (1999). Handbook for working with mentally disordered defendants and offenders. Washington, DC: Federal Judicial Center.
39.
Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, 42 U.S.C. § 18001 et seq. (2010).
40.
PortilloS.RudesD. S.TaxmanF. S. (2016). The transportability of contingency management in problem-solving courts. Justice Quarterly, 33, 267-290.
41.
RepperJ.CarterT. (2011). A review of the literature on peer support in mental health services. Journal of Mental Health, 20, 392-411.
42.
RiveraJ.SullivanA.ValentiS. S. (2007). Adding consumer-providers to intensive case management: Does it improve outcome?Psychiatric Services, 58, 802-809.
43.
RoweM.BellamyC.BaranoskiM.WielandM.O’ConnellM.BenedictP.. . . SellsD. (2007). A peer-support, group intervention to reduce substance use and criminality among persons with severe mental illness. Psychiatric Services, 58, 955-961.
44.
SauberS. R. (2013). The human services delivery system: Mental health, criminal justice, social welfare, education, health services. New York, NY: Columbia University Press.
45.
SchoenwaldS. K.HoagwoodK. (2001). Effectiveness, transportability, and dissemination of interventions: What matters when?Psychiatric Services, 52, 1190-1197.
46.
SkeemJ. L.Emke-FrancisP.LoudenJ. E. (2006). Probation, mental health, and mandated treatment: A national survey. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 33, 158-184.
47.
SnowD. A.AndersonL. (1993). Down on their luck: A study of homeless street people. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
SolomonP.DraineJ. (1995). The efficacy of a consumer case management team: 2-year outcomes of a randomized trial. The Journal of Mental Health Administration, 22, 135-146.
50.
SteadmanH.OsherF.RobbinsP. C.CaseB.SamuelsS. (2009). Prevalence of serious mental illness among jail inmates. Psychiatric Services, 60, 761-765.
51.
StormJ. P. (1997). What United States probation officers do. Federal Probation, 61, 13-18.
52.
TaxmanF. S.BelenkoS. (2011). Implementing evidence-based practices in community corrections and addiction treatment. Boulder, CO: Springer.
53.
TeplinL. A. (1990). The prevalence of severe mental disorder among male urban jail detainees: Comparison with the Epidemiologic Catchment Area Program. American Journal of Public Health, 80, 663-669.
54.
TrustyM. L. (1997). Three types of case management for homeless mentally ill persons. Psychiatric Services, 48, 497-503.
