The effectiveness of a head-up display (HUD) was investigated as a means of controlling drivers’ speeding behavior on a highway, a residential road, and as a means of minimizing the effects of speed adaptation. 40 subjects were randomly assigned to one of four treatment conditions, using either a HUD or a conventional speedometer and being speed-adapted or nonspeed-adapted. Analysis indicated that no group drove significantly faster than any other group on any measured section of residential road or highway under any condition. Plausible explanations for the observed results are discussed.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
BarretG. V., KobayashiM., & FoxB. H. (1968) Driving at requested speed: comparison of projected and virtual image displays.Human Factors, 10, 259–262.
2.
CaseyS. M., & LundA. K. (1987) Three field studies of driver speed adaptation.Human Factors, 29, 541–550.
3.
DentonG. G. (1966) A subjective scale of speed when driving a motor vehicle.Ergonomics, 9, 203–210.
4.
DentonG. G. (1969) The use made of the speedometer as an aid to driving.Ergonomics, 12, 447–454.
5.
DesrosiersR. D. (1962) Speed estimation on residential roads.Public Roads, 32, 74–76.
6.
EvansL. (1970) Speed estimation from a moving automobile.Ergonomics, 13, 219–230.
7.
MatthewsM. L. (1978) A field study of the effects of drivers’ adaptation to automobile velocity.Human Factors, 20, 709–716.
8.
McLaneR. C., & WierwilleW. W. (1975) The influence of motion and audio cues on driver performance in an automobile simulator.Human Factors, 17, 488–501.
9.
PeacockB., & WierwilleW. W. (1988) Human factors technology.Automotive Engineering, 96, 96–101.
10.
RichardsonF. E. (1916) Estimations of speeds of automobiles.Psychological Bulletin, 13, 72–73.
11.
RutleyK. S. (1975) Control of drivers’ speed by means other than enforcement.Ergonomics, 18, 89–100.
12.
SalvatoreS. (1968) The estimation of vehicular velocity as a function of visual stimulation.Human Factors, 10, 27–31.
13.
SandersM. S., & McCormickE. J. (1987) Human factors in engineering and design.New York: McGraw-Hill.
14.
SchmidtF., & TiffinJ. (1969) Distortion of drivers’ estimates of automobile speed as a function of speed adaptation.Journal of Applied Psychology, 53, 536–539.
15.
TriggsT. J., & BerenyiJ. S. (1982) Estimation of automobile speed under day and night conditions.Human Factors, 24, 111–114.