The affective attribute in free recall was investigated in relation to the order in which words are recalled. A factorial analysis of variance was employed to determine the effect of certain emotionally arousing words on the recall of these words by 24 black and 24 white subjects. The most important result was that black subjects held back affective words significantly more often than white subjects. No significant contextual effect of experimenter's race was observed. The study shows the importance of the affective attribute on the order of free recall.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
BattigW. F., AllenM., and JensenA. R.Priority of free recall of newly learned items.Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 1965, 4, 175–179
2.
BattigW. F., and SlaybaughG. D.Evidence that priority of free recall of newly learned items is not a recency artifact.Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 1969, 8, 556–558
3.
BousfieldW. A., CohenB. H., and SilvaJ. G.The extension of Marbe's law to the recall of stimulus words.American Journal of Psychology, 1956, 69, 429–433
4.
BousfieldW. A., WhitmarshG. A., and EstersonJ.Serial position effects and the ‘Marbe effect.” in the free recall of meaningful words.Journal of General Psychology, 1958, 59, 225–262
5.
DeeseJ., and KaufmanR. A.Serial effects in recall of unorganized and sequentially organized verbal material.Journal of Experimental Psychology, 1957, 54, 180–187
6.
GorfeinD., AbakD., PhillipsR. V., and SquillaceL.Within-list serial position effects in free recall.Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory, 1976, 2, 161–171
7.
GrimmettS. A.Black and white children's free recall of unorganized and organized lists: Jensen's Level I and Level II.Journal of Negro Education, 1975, 44, 24–33
8.
KaytonL., and KohS. D.Hypohedonia in schizophrenia.Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 1975, 161, 412–420
9.
PaivioA., PhillipchalkR., and RoweE. J.Free and serial recall of pictures, sounds and words.Memory and Cognition, 1975, 3, 586–590
10.
RobertsW. A.The priority of recall of new items in transfer from part-list learning to whole-list learning:Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 1969, 8, 645–652
11.
SteinmetzJ. I., and BattigW. F.Clustering and priority of free recall of newly learned items in children.Developmental Psychology, 1969, 1, 503–507
12.
UnderwoodB. J.Attributes of memory.Psychological Review, 1969, 76, 559–574
