Farmers’ perspectives on adopting hybrid maize over alternative crops in Bangladesh

Abstract

This study examined farmers’ perspectives on adopting hybrid maize over other winter crops, assessed its relative profitability, and identified the determinants influencing adoption. Data were collected from 120 Bangladeshi farmers through structured interviews conducted in 2022. Farmers’ attitudes were measured using a five-point Likert scale, and profitability was analyzed using the benefit–cost ratio (BCR). A logistic regression model was then applied to identify the determinants of adoption. Findings revealed that 70% of farmers held favorable attitudes toward hybrid maize, 18% were neutral, and 12% held unfavorable attitudes. Of the 10 selected attitude statements, seven had mean scores above three, confirming a generally positive outlook. Profitability analysis showed that hybrid maize achieved a higher benefit–cost ratio (1.91) compared to boro rice (1.22), mustard (1.36), and wheat (1.25). The regression results indicated that age, education, family labor availability, cultivated land size, extension contact, and total return had a significant and positive influence on adoption. It implies that educated and large-scale farmers, as well as those with more family labor and regular extension support, were more likely to adopt hybrid maize. Constraints identified included high seed costs, labor shortages, limited capital, pest and disease pressure, high fertilizer prices, and land suitability problems. Despite these challenges, hybrid maize demonstrated strong potential as a profitable enterprise. Policy measures to reduce input costs, improve extension services, and facilitate access to credit and quality seeds are recommended to strengthen adoption and sustainability.