This study examines the impact of criminal mobility on criminal earning patterns in a sample of incarcerated offenders who reported their criminal experiences over a three-year period. Criminal mobility is indicated by an individual's offending perimeter and not the traditional journey-to-crime measure. Findings reveal that the offending perimeter length is a factor of criminal achievement in that mobile offenders reported higher financial earnings from crime than immobile offenders. Greater distances traveled for crime were also generally associated with higher criminal earnings, but this was more salient for predatory offenders than market offenders.
Baldwin, John and Anthony E. Bottoms .1976. The Urban Criminal: A Study in Sheffield. London: Tavistock .
2.
Block, Richard, Aneta Galary, and Darryl Brice.2007. “The Journey to Crime: Victims and Offenders Converge in Violence Index Offences in Chicago.” Security Journal20:123—37.
3.
Brantingham, Patricia L. and Paul J.Brantingham. 1993. “Environment, Routine, and Situation: Toward a Pattern Theory of Crime.” Pp. 259—94 in Routine Activity and Rational Choice; Advances in Criminological Theory, Vol. 5, edited by R.V. Clarke and M. Felson.New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction.
4.
Brantingham, Paul J. and Patricia L. Brantingham .1984. Patterns in crime. New York: Macmillan.
5.
Brantingham, Patricia L. and Paul J.Brantingham. 1981. “Notes on the Geometry of Crime.” Pp. 27—54 in Environmental Criminology, edited by P. Brantingham and P. Brantingham.Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
6.
Capone, Donald L. and Woodrow W. Nichols .1976. “Urban Structure and Criminal Mobility.” American Behavioral Scientist2:199—213.
7.
Costello, Andrew and Paul Wiles.2001. “GIS and the Journey to Crime: An Analysis of Patterns in South Yorkshire.” Pp. 27—60 in Mapping and Analysing Crime Data, edited by A. Hirschfield and K. Bowers.London: Taylor and Francis.
8.
Cusson, Maurice1998. Criminologie Actuelle (Contemporary Criminology). Paris: Presse universitaire de France.
9.
Eck, John E.1992. “Drugs Trips: Drug Offender Mobility.” Paper presented at the 44th American Society of Criminology Annual Meetings, November, New Orleans, LA.
10.
Eck, John E. and David Weisburd.1995. “Crime Places in Crime Theory .” Pp. 1—33 in Crime and place; Crime Prevention Studies , Vol. 4, edited by J. E. Eck and D. Weisburd.Monsey, NY: Criminal Justice Press.
11.
Felson, Marcus. 2006. Crime and Nature. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
12.
Felson, Marcus. 1998. Crime and everyday life, 2nd ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: Pine Forge Press.
13.
Gabor, Thomas and Ellen Gottheil.1984. “Offender Characteristics and Spatial Mobility: An Empirical Study and Some Policy Implications.” Canadian Journal of Criminology26:267—81.
14.
Lacoste, Julie and Pierre Tremblay .2003. “Crime and Innovation: A Script Analysis of Patterns in Check Forgery.” Pp. 169—96 in Theory for Practice in Situational Crime Prevention; Crime Prevention Studies , Vol. 16, edited by Martha J. Smith and Derek Cornish.Monsey, NY: Criminal Justice Press.
15.
Merton, Robert K.1957. Social Theory and Social Structure, Rev. ed. New York: Free Press.
16.
Morselli, Carlo, Pierre Tremblay, and Bill McCarthy2006. “Mentors in Criminal Achievement.” Criminology44:17—43.
17.
Morselli, Carlo and Pierre Tremblay.2004. “Criminal Achievement, Offender Networks, and the Benefits of Low—Self Control.” Criminology42:773—804.
18.
Nichols, Woodrow W.1980. “Mental Maps, Social Characteristics and Crime Mobility .” Pp. 156—65 in Crime: A Spatial Perspective, edited by D. E.Georges-Abeyie and K. D. Harries.New York: Columbia University Press.
19.
Ouimet, Marc, Pierre Tremblay, and Carlo Morselli.1997. Analyse stratégique des facteurs démographiques, économiques et sociaux qui façonnent l'environnement du service de police de la communauté urbaine de Montréal (A Strategic Analysis of the Demographic, Economic, and Social Factors that Shape the Montreal Urban Community Police's Environment). Final Report for the Montreal Urban Community Police Services , Montreal, Canada.
20.
Phillips, Phillip D.1980. “Characteristics and Typology of the Journey to Crime.” Pp. 167—80 in Crime: A Spatial Perspective, edited by D. E.Georges-Abeyie and K. D. Harries.New York: Columbia University Press.
21.
Rengert, George F., Alex R. Piquero, and Peter R. Jones .1999. “Distance Decay Re-examined .” Criminology37:427—45.
22.
Repetto, Thomas A.1974. Residential Crime. Cambridge, MA: Ballinger.
23.
Rhodes, William M. and Catherine Conly .1981. “Crime and Mobility: An Empirical Study.” Pp. 167—88 in Environmental Criminology, edited by P. Brantingham and P. Brantingham.Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
24.
Robitaille, Clément.2004. “À qui profite le crime? Les facteurs individuels de réussite criminelle” (For Whom Does Crime Pay? Individual Factors of Criminal Achievement). Criminologie37:33—62.
Smith, William, John W. Bond, and Michael Townsley .2006. Assessing the Journey to Crime Literature: A New Perspective on Offender Mobility. Paper presented at the 14th Annual Environmental Criminology and Crime Analysis Meetings, Chilliwack, Canada.
27.
Snook, Brent.2004. “Individual Differences in Distance Travelled by Serial Burglars.” Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling1:53—66.
28.
Tosches, Nick.2005. King of the Jews. New York: Harper Collins.
29.
Tremblay, Pierre and Carlo Morselli.2000. “Patterns in Criminal Achievement: Wilson and Abrahamse Revisited.” Criminology38:663—59.
30.
Van Koppen, Peter J. and Robert W.J. Jansen. 1998. “The Road to the Robbery: Travel Patterns in Commercial Robberies.” British Journal of Criminology38:230—47.
31.
Wiles, Paul and Andrew Costello.2000. The “Road to Nowhere”: The Evidence for Travelling Criminals, Research Study No. 207. London: Home Office.
