Marketing research often finds weak correspondence between purchase intentions and subsequent behaviors. The author claims lack of contextually specific measures is partially responsible. Existent research supports this contention. The study reported empirically compares direct and conditional intentions as predictors of soft drink purchases. The conditional format is more predictive.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
AjzenI. (1971), “Attitudinal and Normative Messages: An Investigation of the Differential Effects of Persuasive Communications on Behavior,” Sociometry, 34 (June), 263–80.
2.
AjzenI. and FishbeinM. (1970), “The Prediction of Behavior from Attitudinal and Normative Variables,” Journal of Experimental Psychology, 6 (August), 466–87.
3.
AjzenI. and FishbeinM. (1973), “Attitudinal and Normative Variables as Predictors of Specific Behaviors,” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 27 (July), 41–57.
4.
BassF. (1974), “The Theory of Stochastic Preference and Brand Switching,” Journal of Marketing Research, 11 (February), 1–20.
5.
BassF., PessemierE., and LehmannD. (1972), “An Experimental Study of the Relationship Between Attitudes, Brand Preferences and Choice,” Behavioral Science, 17 (November), 532–41.
BettmanJ. (1973), “A Threshold Model of Attribute Satisfaction Decisions,” Working Paper No. 1, Center for Marketing Studies, University of California, Los Angeles (September).
8.
BogartL., TolleyB., and OrensteinF. (1970), “What One Little Ad Can Do,” Journal of Advertising Research, 10 (August), 3–14.
9.
BonfieldE. (1974), “Attitude, Social Influence, Personal Norms, and Intention Interactions as Related to Brand Purchase Behavior,” Journal of Marketing Research, 11 (November), 379–89.
10.
ByrnesJ. (1964), “Consumer Intentions to Buy,” Journal of Advertising Research, 4 (September), 49–51.
11.
CerhaJ. (1967), Selective Mass Communication. Stockholm, Sweden: P. A. Norstedt and Sons.
12.
CoombsC, DawesR., and TverskyA. (1970), Mathematical Psychology. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc.
FerberR. and PiskieR. (1965), “Subjective Probabilities and Buying Intentions,” Review of Economics and Statistics, 3 (August), 322–5.
15.
FishbeinM. (1963), “An Investigation of the Relationships Between Beliefs About an Object and the Attitude Toward that Object,” Human Relations, 16 (August), 233–40.
16.
FishbeinM. (1966), “Sexual Behavior and Propositional Control,” paper presented at the meeting of the Psychonomic Society, St. Louis (October).
17.
FishbeinM. (1972), “The Search for Attitudinal-Behavior Consistency,” in Behavioral Science Foundations of Consumer Behavior, CohenJ., ed. New York: Free Press.
18.
FishbeinM., AjzenI., LandyE., and AndersonL. (1970), “Attitudinal Variables and Behavior: Three Empirical Studies and a Theoretical Reanalysis,” Technical Report No. 70–9, ARPA Order 454, Contract 177-473 N00014-67-A0103-0013. Seattle: University of Washington.
19.
GlassmanM. (1976), “Fishbein's Extended Model: A Review, Analysis, and Application,” in Foundations of Consumer and Industrial Buying Behavior, ShethJ., BennettP., and WoodsideA., eds., in preparation.
20.
GranboisD. and SummersJ. (1975), “Primary and Secondary Validity of Consumer Purchase Probabilities,” Journal of Consumer Research, 4 (March), 31–8.
21.
GranboisD. and WilletR. (1968), “An Empirical Test of Probabilistic Intentions and Preference Models for Consumer Durables Purchasing,” in Marketing and the New Science of Planning, KingR., ed. Chicago: American Marketing Association.
22.
HarrellC. and BennettP. (1974), “An Evaluation of the Expectancy/Value Model of Attitude Measurement for Physician Prescribing Behavior,” Journal of Marketing Research, 11 (August), 269–78.
23.
HornikJ. (1970), Two Approaches to Individual Differences in an Expanded Prisoner's Dilemma Game, unpublished Master's thesis, University of Illinois.
24.
HowardJ. and ShethJ. (1969), The Theory of Buyer Behavior. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
25.
JusterF. (1964), Anticipations and Purchases: An Analysis of Consumer Behavior. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
26.
JusterF. (1966), “Consumer Buying Intentions and Purchase Probability: An Experiment in Survey Design,” Journal of the American Statistical Association, 61 (September), 658–96.
27.
LuceR. (1959), Individual Choice Behavior. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
28.
MaltzmanI., BogartzW., and BregerL. (1958), “A Procedure for Increasing Word Association Originality and its Transfer Effects,” Journal of Experimental Psychology, 56 (November), 392–8.
29.
MathewsH., WilsonD., and HarveyJ. (1974), “An Empirical Test of Fishbein Behavioral Intention Model,” Working Paper No. 19, College of Business Administration, The Pennsylvania State University (February).
30.
MorrisonD. (1972), “Upper Bounds for Correlations Between Binary Outcomes and Probabilistic Predictions,” Journal of the American Statistical Association, 67 (March), 68–70.
31.
MorrisonD. (1979), “Purchase Intentions and Purchase Behavior,” Journal of Marketing, 43 (Spring), 65–74.
32.
PavasarsJ. and WellsW. (1975), “Measures of Brand Attitudes Can Be Used to Predict Buying Behavior,” Marketing News (April 11), 6.
PrattR. (1965), “Understanding the Decision Process for Consumer Durable Goods: An Example of the Application of Longitudinal Analysis,” in Marketing and Economic Development, BennetP., ed. Chicago: American Marketing Association.
35.
RajuP., BhagatR., and ShethJ. (1975), “Predictive Validation and Cross-Validation of the Fishbein, Rosenberg, and Sheth Models of Attitudes,” in Advances in Consumer Research, Volume 2, SchlingerM., ed. Chicago: Association for Consumer Research.
36.
ReibsteinD. (1978), “The Prediction of Individual Probabilities of Brand Choice,” Journal of Consumer Research, 5 (December), 163–8.
37.
RyanM. (1976), “Some Results from Programmatic Research Based on Fishbein's Extended Model,” paper presented at the Symposium on Consumer and Industrial Buying Behavior, University of South Carolina (March).
38.
RyanM. and BonfieldE. (1975), “The Fishbein Extended Model and Consumer Behavior,” Journal of Consumer Research, 2 (September), 118–36.
39.
SavageL. (1954), The Foundations of Statistics, New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
40.
SewallA. (1978), “Market Segmentation Based on Ratings of Proposed Product Designs,” Journal of Marketing Research, 15 (November), 557–64.
41.
ShethJ. (1974), “A Field Study of Attitude Structure and Attitude-Behavior Relationship,” in Models of Buyer Behavior, ShethJ., ed. New York: Harper & Row.
42.
SilkA. and UrbanG. (1978), “Pre-Test-Market Evaluation of New Packaged Goods: A Model and Measurement Methodology,” Journal of Marketing Research, 15 (May), 171–91.
43.
SmithS. (1965), “Factors Influencing the Relationship Between Buying Plans and Ad Readership,” Journal of Marketing Research, 2 (February), 40–4.
44.
SmithS., ParkerE., and DavenportS. (1963), “Advertising Readership and Buying Plans,” Journal of Advertising Research, 3 (September), 25–9.
45.
StapelJ. (1968), “Predictive Attitudes,” in Attitude Research on the Rocks, AdlerL. and CrespiI., eds. Chicago: American Marketing Association.
46.
StapelJ. (1971), “Sales Effects of Print Ads,” Journal of Advertising Research, 11 (June), 32–6.
47.
U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census (1973), “Consumer Buying Indicators,” Current Population Reports, Series P-65, 46, 5.
48.
WilsonD., MathewsH., and HarveyJ. (1975), “An Empirical Test of the Fishbein Behavioral Intention Model,” Journal of Consumer Research, 1 (March), 39–48.
49.
WilsonD., MathewsH., and MonokyJ. (1972), “Attitude as a Predictor of Behavior in a Buyer-Seller Bargaining Situation: An Experimental Approach,” in American Marketing Association, Combined Conference Proceedings. Chicago: American Marketing Association.
50.
WimsattG. and WoodwardJ. (1970), “Revised Estimates of New Plant and Equipment in the United States, 1947–1969: Part II,” Survey of Current Business, 50 (February), 23.
51.
WyerR.Jr. (1970), “Quantitative Prediction of Belief and Opinion Change: A Further Test of a Subjective Probability Model,” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 16 (December), 559–70.
52.
WyerR.Jr. and GoldbergL. (1970), “A Probabilistic Analysis of Relationships Among Beliefs and Attitudes,” Psychological Review, 77 (March), 100–20.