Determining the optimal marketing mix for a firm requires information about the sales effects of the marketing policies under consideration. A model and estimation procedure to obtain such market intelligence for frequently purchased products are described and some empirical results are discussed.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Ad Daily, 4 (August 14, 1968).
2.
AmenizaT. and FullerW. A., “A Comparative St$$ Alternative Estimates in a Distributed Lag Model,” metrica, 34 (July-August 1967), 509–29.
3.
BalighHelmy L. and RichartzLeon E., “Variab$$ Games of Marketing Problems,” Journal of Ma$$ Research, 4 (May 1967), 173–83.
4.
BellColin E., “The N Days of Christmas: A Mo$$ Competitive Advertising over an Intensive Cam$$Management Science, 14 (May 1968), 525–35.
5.
BenjaminB., JollyW. P., and MaitlandJ., “Ope$$ Research and Advertising: Theories of Responses,” $$ ational Research Quarterly, 11 (December 1960).
6.
BenjaminB. and MaitlandJ., “Operational Research and Advertising: Some Experiments in the Use of Analysis,” Operational Research Quarterly, 9 (September 1958), 207–17.
7.
BerelsonBernard and SteinerGary A., Human Behavior: An Inventory of Scientific Findings, New York: Harcourt, Brace, & World, 1964.
8.
BoydHarper W.Jr., and WestfallRalph, An Evaluation of Continuous Consumer Panels as a Source of Marketing Information, Chicago: American Marketing Association, 1960.
9.
BradfordG. A., “What General Electric is Doing to Evaluate the Effect on Sales of its Industrial and Consumer Advertising,” in Report of the Second Meeting of the Operations Research Discussion Group, New York: Advertising Research Foundation, 1960.
10.
BucklinLouis P., The Design of Consumer Research Panels: Conception and Administration of the Berkeley Food Panel, Berkeley: Institute of Business and Economic Research, University of California, 1967.
11.
CarrickPaul M.Jr., “Why Continued Advertising is Necessary: A New Explanation,” Journal of Marketing, 23 (April 1959), 386–98.
12.
ChristCarl F., Econometric Models and Methods, New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1966.
13.
ColleyRussell H., ed., Defining Advertising Goals for Measured Advertising Results, New York: Association of National Advertisers, 1961.
14.
DeanJoel, “How Much to Spend on Advertising,” Harvard Business Review, 29 (January-February 1951), 65–74.
15.
DorfmanRobert and SteinerPeter O., “Optimal Advertising and Optimal Quality,” American Economic Review, 44 (December 1954), 826–36.
16.
EngelJames F. and WarshawMartin, “Allocating Advertising Dollars by Linear Programming,” Journal of Advertising Research, 4 (September 1964).
17.
ForresterJay W., “Advertising: A Problem in Industrial Dynamics,” in DayRalph, ed., Marketing Models: Quantitative and Behavioral, Scranton, Penn.: International Textbook, 1964, 455–71.
18.
FrankRonald and MassyWilliam, “Estimating the Effects of Short-Term Promotional Strategy in Selected Market Segments,” in Sales Promotion Analysis: Some Applications of Quantitative Techniques, Boston: Allyn and Bacon, 1967.
19.
FriedmanL., “Game Theory Models in the Allocation of Advertising Expenditures,” Operations Research, 6 (September-October 1958), 699–709.
20.
GerholdPaul, “Measuring the Productivity of Advertising Dollars,” in How Close Can Research Come to Measuring the Sales Effectiveness of Advertising?New York: American Association of Advertising Agencies, 1957.
21.
GrilichesZvi, “Distributed Lags: A Survey,” Chicago: Center for Mathematical Studies in Business and Economics, University of Chicago Report No. 6602, August, 1966.
22.
GuptaS. K. and KrishnanH. S., “Differential Equation Approach to Marketing,” Operations Research, 15 (November-December 1967), 1030–9.
23.
HaskinsJack B., “Factual Recall as a Measure of Advertising Effectiveness,” Journal of Advertising Research, 4 (March 1964), 2–8.
24.
JastramR. W., “A Treatment of Distributed Lags in the Theory of Advertising Expenditures,” Journal of Marketing, 20 (July 1955), 36–46.
25.
JohnstonJ., Econometric Methods, New York: McGraw-Hill, 1963.
26.
KingRichard A., ed., Reading for an Introduction to Psychology, New York: McGraw-Hill, 1961.
27.
KrugmanHerbert E., “The Impact of Television Advertising: Learning Without Involvement,” Public Opinion Quartely, 29 (Fall 1965), 349–56.
28.
KuehnAlfred A., “A Model for Budgeting Advertising,” in BassF., et al. eds., Mathematical Models and Methods in Marketing, Homewood, Ill.: Richard D. Irwin, 1961.
29.
KuehnAlfred A., McGuireT. W., and WiessD. L., “Measuring the Effectiveness of Advertising, Proceedings, Fall Conference, American Marketing Association, 1966, 185–97.
30.
LambinJean-Jacques, “Measuring the Profitability of Advertising: An Empirical Study,” unpublished paper, University of Louvain, 1967.
31.
LavidgeRobert C. and SteinerGary A., “A Model for Predicting Measurements of Advertising Effectiveness,” Journal of Marketing, 25 (October 1961), 59–62.
32.
LittleJohn D. C., “A Model of Adaptive Control of Promotional Spending,” Operations Research, 14 (November-December 1966), 1075–97.
33.
McGuireT. W., et al., “Estimation and Inference for Linear Models in Which Subsets of the Dependent Variable are Constrained,” Working Paper No. 3, Graduate School of Industrial Administration, Carnegie-Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Penn., 1967.
MalinvaudE., Statistical Methods of Econometrics, Chicago: Rand McNally, 1966.
36.
MarschnerDonald C., “Theory Versus Practice in Allocating Advertising Money,” Journal of Business, 40 (July 1967), 286–302.
37.
MayerMartin, The Intelligent Man's Guide to Sales Measures of Advertising, New York: Advertising Research Foundation, 1965.
38.
MerloveMarc and ArrowKenneth J., “Optimal Advertising Under Dynamic Conditions,” Econometrica, 29 (May 1962), 129–42.
39.
PaldaKristian S., “The Hypothesis of a Hierarchy of Effects: A Partial Evaluation,” Journal of Marketing Research, 3 (February 1966), 13–25.
40.
PaldaKristian S., The Measurement of Cumulative Advertising Effects, Englewood Cliffs, N. J.: Prentice-Hall, 1964.
41.
PaldaKristian S., “Sales Effects of Advertising,” Journal of Advertising Research, 4 (September 1964), 12–6.
42.
ShakunM. F., “Advertising Expenditures in Coupled Markets, a Game Theory Approach,” Management Science, 11 (February 1965), B42–7.
43.
SimonJulian L., “Are There Economics of Scale in Advertising?” Journal of Advertising Research, 5 (June 1965), 15–20.
44.
SimonJulian L., “A Simple Model for Determining Advertising Appropriations,” Journal of Marketing Research, 2 (August 1965), 285–92.
45.
StarchDaniel, “How Does Repetition of Advertisements Affect Readership?” Media/Scope, (November 1959).
46.
StewartJohn B., Advertising in Newspapers, Boston: Harvard Business School, 1964.
47.
TelserLester C., “Discrete Samples and Moving Sums in Stationary Stochastic Processes,” Center for Mathematical Studies in Business and Economics, University of Chicago, Report No. 6615, June, 1966.
48.
VidaleM. L. and WolfeH. B., “An Operations Research Study of Sales Response to Advertising,” Operations Research, 5 (June 1957), 370–81.
49.
WeinbergRobert S., “Sales and Advertising of Cigarettes,” in Report of the Third Meeting of the Operations Research Discussion Group, New York: Advertising Research Foundation, 1960.
50.
WeissDoyle, “Determinants of Market Share,” Journal of Marketing Research, 5 (August 1968), 290–5.
51.
ZentlerA. P. and RydeDorothy, “An Optimum Geographical Distribution of Publicity Expenditure in a Private Organization,” Management Science, 2 (July 1956), 337–52.
52.
ZielskeHubert, “The Remembering and Forgetting of Advertising,” Journal of Marketing, 23 (January 1959), 239–43.