Toothpaste brand purchases following a switch from a brand previously bought regularly are analyzed from consumer panel data. It is suggested that the results do not fit existing learning theory models. New categories of consumer decision processes which are meaningful from a behavioral point of view are recommended.
BushRobert R. and MostellerFrederick, Stochastic Models for Learning, New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1955.
4.
CarmanJames M., “Brand Switching and Linear Learning Models,” Journal of Advertising Research, 6 (June 1966), 23–31.
5.
ColemanJames S., Models of Change and Response Uncertainty, Englewood Cliffs, N. J.: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1964, 10.
6.
EhrenbergA. S. C., “An Appraisal of Markov Brand-Switching Models,” Journal of Marketing Research, 2 (November 1965), 347–62.
7.
FestingerLeon, “Behavioral Support for Opinion Change,” Public Opinion Quarterly, 28 (Fall 1964), 404–17.
8.
GoodhardtG. J. and EhrenbergA. S. C., “Conditional Trend Analysis: A Breakdown of Initial Purchasing Level,” Journal of Marketing Research, 4 (May 1967), 155–61.
9.
HaskinsJack B., “Factual Recall as a Measure of Advertising Effectiveness,” Journal of Advertising Research, 4 (March 1964), 2–8.
10.
HerniterJ. D., “Stochastic Market Models and the Analysis of Consumer Panel Data,” Paper presented at 27th National Meeting, Operations Research Society of America, Boston, 1965.
11.
HerniterJ. D. and MageeJ. F., “Customer Behavior as a Markov Process,” Operations Research, 9 (January 1961), 105–22.
12.
DavidKrech and CrutchfieldRichard S., Theory and Problems of Social Psychology, McGraw-Hill Book Co., 1948, 30.
13.
KuehnAlfred A., “A Model for Budgeting Advertising,” in BassFrank M., et al., eds., Mathematical Models and Methods in Marketing, Homewood, Ill.: Richard D. Irwin, Inc., 1961, 315–48.
14.
KuehnAlfred A., “Consumer Brand Choice—A Learning Process?” in FrankRonald E., KuehnAlfred A., and MassyWilliam F., eds., Quantitative Techniques in Marketing Analysis, Homewood, Ill.: Richard D. Irwin, Inc., 1963, Figure 2, 393.
LipsteinBenjamin, “The Dynamics of Brand Loyalty and Brand Switching,” Proceedings: 5th Annual Conference, New York: Advertising Research Foundation, Inc., 1959, 106.
NicosiaFrancesco M., Consumer Decision Processes, Englewood Cliffs, N. J.: Prentice-Hall, 1966.
20.
SolomonR. L. and WynneL. C., “Traumatic Avoidance Learning: Acquisition in Normal Dogs,” Psychological Monographs, 67 (1953), (Whole No. 354).
21.
TheiosJohn, A Three-State Markov Model for Learning, Institute for Mathematical Studies in the Social Sciences, Stanford University, Technical Report No. 40, 1961.
22.
TuckerW. T., “The Development of Brand Loyalty,” Journal of Marketing Research, 1 (August 1964), 32–5.
23.
VoeksVirginia W., “Acquisition of S-R Connections: A Test of Hull's and Guthrie's Theories,” Journal of Experimental Psychology, 47 (March 1954), 137–47.
24.
WebbEugene J., et al., Unobtrusive Measures: Nonreactive Research in the Social Sciences, Chicago: Rand McNally & Co, 1966.