Children frequently have difficulties solving exercises involving missing addends. In most cases these children lack mental images for the cardinal numbers.
This manuscript describes a diagnostic procedure for assessing children's mental images and knowledge of cardinal numbers, 0 through 9. The diagnostic procedure includes the assessment of a child's visual memory, visual perception, symbol recognition, oral naming of numerals, and symbol-set linkage. These skills must be possessed by a child in order for him/her to be successful with cardinal numbers and missing addend exercises.
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