While we tend to agree that learning disabilities include neurological factors, we do not understand the relationships of these symptoms to different socio-economic groups, nor to various nutrition components. The result is a neglect of low-income children who demonstrate the symptoms of learning disabilities but have symptoms confounding the diagnosis. Similar materials, however, produce desired results both for advantaged and disadvantaged children regardless of the source of the learning disability.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Barsch, R.H.: Learning Disabilities: A Statement of Position, Division of Children with Learning Disabilities, Council of Exceptional Children. Washington, D.C.: Natl. Education Assn., 1967.
2.
Birch, H.: Research Issues in Child Health: Some Philosophic and Methodological Issues, in Edith W. Grotberg (Ed.), Critical Issues in Research Related to Disadvantaged Children. Princeton, New Jersey: Educational Testing Service, 1969.
3.
Brenner, M.W., and Gillman, S.: Visuomotor ability in school children A survey, Development Medicine and Child Neurology, 1966, 8, 686–703.
4.
Bruner, Jerome: The Cognitive Consequences of Early Sensory Deprivation, in Philip Solomon, et al. (Ed.), Sensory Deprivation, Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1961. Chapter 13: 195–207.
5.
Cawley, J.F.: An Assessment of Intelligence, Psycholinguistic Abilities and Learning Aptitudes Among Pre-School Children, ED-014-323. Washington, D.C.: Project Head Start, 1966.
6.
Deutsch, M.: The disadvantaged child and the learning process, A. Harry Passow (Ed.), Education in Depressed Areas, New York: Bureau of Publ., Teachers College, Columbia Univ., 1963.
7.
Drillien, C.M.: The Growth and Development of the Prematurely Born Infant. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins, 1964.
8.
Frostig, M.: Visual perception in the brain-injured child, Amer. J. Orthopsychiatry, 1963, 33, 665–671.
9.
Gordon, E.W.: Counseling socially disadvantaged children, in Frank Riessman, et al. (Ed.), Mental Health of the Poor. New York: Free Press of Glencoe, 1964.
10.
Graham, F.K., Berman, P.W., and Eronhart, C.B.: Development in pre-school children of the ability to copy forms, Child Development, 1960, 31, 339–359.
11.
Grotberg, E.H.: Learning Disabilities and remediation in disadvantaged children, Review of Educ. Research, 1965, 35, 413–425.
12.
Grotberg, E.H.: Progressive Choice Reading Instruction in the Prince Edward County School System. Washington, D.C.: Institute of Educ. Research, 1967.
13.
Grotberg, E.H.: Role of the parent in fostering early learning, Education, September-October, 1968, 89, 35–39.
14.
Grotberg, E.H.: Review of Research - 1965-1969, OEO Pamphlet 6108-13, Project Head Start. June 1969.
15.
Gubbay, S.S., et al: Clumsy children: A study of apraxic and acquistic defects in twenty children, Brain, 1965, 88, 295–312.
16.
John, V., and Berney, T.: Analysis of story retelling as a measure of the effects of ethnic content in stories: A study of Negro, Indian and Spanish-American children, ED-014-326. Washington, D.C.: Project Head Start, 1967.
17.
Klatskin, E.H.: Relationship of deficits in intelligence test performance of pre-school children to perinatal experience, J. Consulting Psychology, 1964, 28, 228–233.
18.
Munro, N.: The relationship between hemoglobin level and intellectual function. Washington, D.C.: Project Head Start, 1968.
19.
Paine, R.S.: Minimal chronic brain syndromes in children, Development Medicine and Child Neurology, 1962. 4, 21–27.
