The corrosion pattern of dental amalgam in aqueous media was interpreted theoretically by means of log(αi/αref)-pe diagrams. The definitions on which the diagrams were based were given, and their features were described. All sparingly soluble compounds which were expected to be formed in reactions with the solvents considered were listed. All the corrosion products reported in the current literature were found to be formed, and the conditions for their formation were established. It emerged that it was necessary to exclude other sparingly soluble compounds which theoretically might be formed. Two compounds, CuSCN and AgSCN, which have not been reported previously were found to be possible corrosion products. Corrosion products containing mercury compound cannot be formed on amalgam restorations with no metallic contact with other materials.
Abraham JE, Svare CW, Frank CW (1984). The effect of dental amalgam restorations on blood mercury levels. J Dent Res63:71-73.
2.
Berglund A., Pohl L., Olsson S., Bergman M. (1988). Determination of the rate of release of intra-oral mercury vapor from amalgam. J Dent Res67:1235-1242.
3.
Berglund A. (1990). Estimation by a 24-hour study of the daily dose of intra-oral mercury vapor inhaled after release from dental amalgam. J Dent Res69:1646-1651.
4.
Berglund A. (1992). Release of mercury vapor from dental amalgam (dissertation) . Swed Dent J (Suppl 85):1-95.
5.
Berglund A. (1993). An in vitro and in vivo study of the release of mercury vapor from different types of amalgam alloys. J Dent Res72:939-946.
6.
Bergman M. (1992). Release and uptake of mercury from dental amalgam . Proceedings from a State of the art conference on potential biological consequencesof mercury released from dental amalgam , Apr 9-10,1992. Stockholm: Swedish Medical Research Council.
Lin J.-HC, Marshall GW, Marshall SJ (1983a). Microstructures of Cu-rich amalgams after corrosion . J Dent Res62:112-115.
13.
Lin J.-HC, Marshall GW Jr, Marshall SJ (1983b). Corrosion product formation sequence on Cu-rich amalgams in various solutions. J Biomed Mater Res17:913-920.
14.
Mackert JR Jr (1991). Dental amalgam and mercury. J Am Dent Assoc122(August):54-61.
15.
Marek M. (1983). The corrosion of dental materials. In: Treatise on materials science and technology. Vol. 23. Scully JC, editor. London : Academic Press, pp. 331-394.
16.
Marshall SJ, Marshall GW Jr (1980). Sn4(OH)6Cl2 and SnO corrosion products of amalgams . J Dent Res59:820-823.
17.
Marshall GW Jr, Jackson BL, Marshall SJ (1980). Copper-rich and conventional amalgam restorations after clinical use. J Am Dent Assoc100:43-47.
18.
Marshall SJ, Lin J.-HC, Marshall GW Jr (1982). Cu2O and CuCl2·3Cu(OH)2 corrosion products on copper rich dental amalgams. J Biomed Mater Res16:81-85.
Marshall SJ, Marshall GW Jr (1992). Dental amalgam. The materials. Adv Dent Res6:94-99.
21.
Mateer RS, Reitz CD (1970). Corrosion of amalgam restorations. J Dent Res49:399-407.
22.
Moberg L.-E, Oden A. ( 1985). The microstructure of corroded amalgams. Acta Odontol Scand43:179-190.
23.
Olsson S., Berglund A., Pohl L., Bergman M. (1989). Model of mercury vapor transport from amalgam restorations in the oral cavity. J Dent Res68:504-508.
24.
Olsson S., Bergman M. (1992). Daily dose calculations from measurements of intra-oral mercury vapor. J Dent Res71:414-423.
25.
Otani H., Jesser WA, Wilsdorf HGF (1973). The in vivo and in vitro corrosion products of dental amalgams.J Biomed Mater Res7 :523-539.
26.
Ott KHR, Loh F., Kroncke A., Schaller K-H., Valentin H., Weltle D. (1984). Zur Quecksilberbelastung durch Amalgamfullungen . Dtsch Zahnarztl Z39:199-205.
27.
Partington JR (1947). General and inorganic chemistry for university students. London: MacMillan and Co., Limited.
28.
Patterson JE, Weissberg BG, Dennison PJ (1985). Mercury in human breath from dental amalgams. Bull Envir Contam Toxicol34 :459-468.
29.
Sarkar NK, Marshall GW, Moser JB, Greener EH (1975). In vivo and in vitro corrosion products of dental amalgam. J Dent Res54:1031-1038.
30.
Sillen LG (1952). Redox diagrams. J Chem Ed29:600-608.
31.
Sillen LG, Martell AE (1964). Stability constants of metal-ion complexes. Spec pub No. 17. London: The Chemical Society.
32.
Sutow EJ, Jones DW, Hall GC, Owen CG ( 1991). Crevice corrosion products of dental amalgam. J Dent Res70:1082-1087.
33.
Svare CW, Peterson LC, Reinhardt JW, Boyer DB, Frank CW, Gay DD, Cox RD (1981). The effect of dental amalgams on mercury levels in expired air. J Dent Res60:1668-1671.
34.
Tani G., Zucci F. (1967). Electrochemical valuation of the corrosion resistance of commonly used metals in dental prosthesis. Minerva Stomatol16:710-713.
35.
Vimy MJ, Lorscheider FL (1985a). Intra-oral air mercury released from dental amalgam . J Dent Res64:1069-1071.
36.
Vimy MJ, Lorscheider FL (1985b). Serial measurements of intra-oral air mercury: Estimation of daily dose from dental amalgam.JDent Res64:1072-1075.
37.
Wald FV, Cocks FH (1971). Investigation of copper-manganese-nickel alloys for dental purposes. J Dent Res50:48-59.
38.
WHO (1991). Environmental health criteria 118. Inorganic mercury. Geneva: World Health Organization.
