Aberrant Wnt signaling pathway is a common feature of tumors and also plays important roles in tumor progression and metastasis of many cancer types. Various lines of evidence suggest that genetic defects affect Wnt pathway components, as well as epigenetic mechanisms that modulate the suppressors of Wnt pathway in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Recently, the newly discovered microRNAs are important molecular regulators in gene expression through transcription and translation repression. They play fundamental roles in a wide spectrum of biological functions, including cancer. In this review, we aim to accumulate recent research findings on the roles of Wnt/β-catenin signaling and discuss how microRNAs affect Wnt/β-catenin signaling in oral squamous cell carcinoma tumorigenesis. Apparently, investigations into the role of microRNAs with regard to the Wnt pathway in oral squamous cell carcinoma may help in the development of better strategies for tumor treatment.
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