We compile in this article the target article authors’ thoughtful responses to the commentaries. Their responses identify some common threads across the rich contents of the commentary pieces, interlink the observation and theoretical propositions in the commentaries with broader streams of research, present new perspectives inspired by the commentary contributors, and pose provocative questions to further ignite research efforts on the normative analysis of culture.
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2.
Benet-MartínezV. (2015). Cultural identity dynamics and intersubjective cultural representations: A commentary on Wan. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 46, 1299-1303.
3.
BicchieriC. (2002). Covenants without swords: Group identity, norms, and communication in social dilemmas. Rationality and Society, 14, 192-228.
4.
BrassM.HaggardP. (2007). To do or not to do: The neural signature of self-control. The Journal of Neuroscience, 27, 9141-9145.
5.
Bou MalhamP.SaucierG. (2015). Intersubjective norms: Inviting a more interdisciplinary perspective. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 46, 1341-1345.
6.
ChangM. X.-L.JettenJ. (2015). Understanding cultural identification: Integrating the intersubjective approach with social identity theorizing. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 46, 1291-1295.
7.
ChenY.-y.HongY.-y. (2015). Different ways to resolve discrepancy between descriptive and injunctive norms across cultures. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 46, 1316-1319.
8.
ChiuC.-Y.GelfandM.YamagishiT.ShteynbergG.WanC. (2010). Intersubjective culture: The role of intersubjective perceptions in cross-cultural research. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 5, 482-493.
9.
ChoH. (2006). Influences of norm proximity and norm types on binge and nonbinge drinkers: Examining the under-examined aspects of social norms interventions on college campuses. Journal of Substance Use, 11, 417-429.
10.
CohenJ. R.LiebermanM. D. (2010). The common neural basis of exerting self-control in multiple domains. In OchsnerK.TropeY. (Eds.), From society to brain: The new sciences of self-control (pp. 141-160). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
11.
ElliottR.FristonK. J.DolanR. J. (2000). Dissociable neural responses in human reward systems. The Journal of Neuroscience, 20, 6159-6165.
12.
ErikssonK.StrimlingP. (2015). Injunctive versus functional inferences from descriptive norms: Comment on Gelfand and Harrington. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 46, 1330-1332.
13.
EthierK. A.DeauxK. (1994). Negotiating social identity when contexts change: Maintaining identification and responding to threat. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67, 243-251.
14.
EomK.KimH. S. (2015). Intersubjective norms: Cultural and interpersonal perspective. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 46, 1313-1316.
15.
FiskeS. T.CuddyA. J. C.GlickP.XuJ. (2002). A model of (often mixed) stereotype content: Competence and warmth respectively follow from perceived status and competition. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 82, 878-902.
16.
FreseM. (2015). Cultural practices, norms, and values. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 46, 1327-1330.
17.
FreseM.StewartJ. (1984). Skill learning as a concept in life-span developmental psychology: An action theoretic analysis. Human Development, 27, 145-162.
18.
FujiwaraJ.ToblerP. N.TairaM.IijimaT.TsutsuiK. I. (2009). Segregated and integrated coding of reward and punishment in the cingulate cortex. Journal of Neurophysiology, 101, 3284-3293.
19.
GaoW.QiuL.ChiuC.-y.YangY. (2015). Diffusion of opinions in a complex culture system: Implications for emergence of descriptive norms. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 46, 1252-1259.
20.
GelfandM. J.HarringtonJ. R. (2015). The motivational force of descriptive norms: For whom and when are descriptive norms most predictive of behavior?Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 46, 1273-1278.
21.
HasenfratzL.Knafo-NoamA. (2015). Intergenerational cultural transmission: Looking beyond the processes of parent-to-child socialization–A comment on Tam. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 46, 1345-1349.
22.
HuffS.LeeF. (2015). People and country: A psychological and contextual perspective in perceived norms and cultural transmission commentary on Tam, K. P., “Understanding intergenerational cultural transmission through the role of perceived norms”. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 46, 1350-1352.
23.
JostJ. T.SterlingJ. L.LangerM. (2015). From “Is” to “Ought” and sometimes “Not”: Compliance with and resistance to social norms from a system justification perspective. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 46, 1287-1291.
24.
KanterR. M. (1977). Men and women of the corporation. New York, NY: Basic Books.
25.
KayA. C.WhitsonJ. A.GaucherD.GalinskyA. D. (2009). Compensatory control achieving order through the mind, our institutions, and the heavens. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 18, 264-268.
26.
KashimaY. (2015). Norms, grounding, and cultural dynamics. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 46, 1306-1310.
27.
KoenigsM.YoungL.AdolphsR.TranelD.CushmanF.HauserM.DamasioA. (2007). Damage to the prefrontal cortex increases utilitarian moral judgements. Nature, 446, 908-911.
28.
KwanL. Y.-Y.YapS.ChiuC.-Y. (2015). Mere exposure affects perceived descriptive norms: Implications for personal preferences and trust. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 129, 48-58.
29.
LeungA. K.-y. (2015). Enriching the perceived norms perspective of intergenerational cultural transmission: The roles of norm reference groups and norm adherence/deviance motive. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 46, 1353-1356.
30.
LewinK. (1951). Field theory in social science. New York, NY: Harper & Row.
31.
LiuZ.MorrisM. W. (2014). Intercultural interactions and cultural transformation. Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 17, 100-103.
32.
LiviS.PierroA.RulloM.KruglanskiA. (2015). Motivational underpinnings of intergenerational transmission: The role of need for cognitive closure on salience of perceived norms. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 46, 1356-1360.
33.
MertonR. K. (1957). Social theory and social structure. Glencoe, IL: Free Press.
MorrisM. W.HongY. Y.ChiuC. Y.LiuZ. (2015). Normology: Integrating insights about social norms to understand cultural dynamics. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 129, 1-13.
36.
MorrisM. W.LiuZ. (2015). Psychological functions of subjective norms: Reference groups, moralization, adherence and defiance. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 46, 1279-1360.
37.
MoscoviciS. (1988). Notes towards a description of social representations. European Journal of Social Psychology, 18, 211-250.
38.
NeighborsC.O’ConnorR. M.LewisM. A.ChawlaN.LeeC. M.FossosN. (2008). The relative impact of injunctive norms on college student drinking: The role of reference group. Psychology of Addictive Behavior, 22, 576-581.
39.
PetersonM. F.BarretoT. S. (2015). Descriptive norms and norm innovations: Implications for theorizing level of analysis. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 46, 1332-1335.
40.
PostmesT.AkkusB.StroebeK. (2015). The discovery of the Other in social and cultural psychology. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 46, 1336-1340.
SaxeR.KanwisherN. (2003). People thinking about thinking people: The role of the temporo-parietal junction in “theory of mind.”Neuroimage, 19, 1835-1842.
43.
SeymourB.SingerT.DolanR. (2007). The neurobiology of punishment. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 8, 300-311.
44.
ShteynbergG. (2015a). Shared Attention at the Origin: On the Psychological Power of Descriptive Norms. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 46, 1245-1251.
45.
ShteynbergG. (2015b). Shared attention. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 5, 579-590.
46.
ShteynbergG.GelfandM. J.KimK. (2009). Peering into the “magnum mysterium” of culture. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 40, 46-69.
47.
SmithP. B. (2015). Yes, subjective norms are important, but let’s not lose sight of cultural differences. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 46, 1310-1313.
48.
StephensN. M.TownsendS. S. (2015). The norms that drive behavior implications for cultural mismatch theory. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 46, 1304-1306.
49.
TamK.-P. (2015). Understanding intergenerational cultural transmission through the role of perceived norms. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 46, 1260-1266.
50.
TamK.-P.ChanH.-W. (2015). Parents as cultural middlemen: The role of perceived norms in value socialization by ethnic minority parents. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 46, 489-507.
51.
TamK.-P.LeeS.-L.KimY.-H.LiY.ChaoM. M. (2012). Intersubjective model of value transmission: Parents using perceived norms as reference when socializing children. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 38, 1041-1052.
52.
Van KleefG. A.HomanA. C.FinkenauerC.GündemirS.StamkouE. (2011). Breaking the rules to rise to power: How norm violators gain power in the eyes of others. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 2, 500-507.
53.
VotrubaA. M.SngO.KwanV. S. Y. (2015). Adopting a group attention perspective: An exploration of moderators and future directions. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 46, 1324-1326.
54.
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55.
WagnerW.KelloK.HowarthC. (2015). “Are they crazy?” Social representations, conformism, and behavior. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 46, 1295-1299.
56.
YoungL.SaxeR. (2009). An FMRI investigation of spontaneous mental state inference for moral judgment. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 21, 1396-1405.
57.
ZhangN.JiL.-J. (2015). Beyond whom and when: A revisit of the influences of social norms on behavior. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 46, 1319-1323.
58.
ZouX.TamK.MorrisM. W.LeeS.LauI. Y.ChiuC. (2010). Culture as common sense: Perceived consensus versus personal beliefs as mechanisms of cultural influence. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 97, 579-597.
