Accurately predicting ultimate strength of composite laminate is still a great challenge, especially only based on the constituent properties. In this paper, the micromechanics Bridging Model and systematic failure criteria for the constituent materials with emphasis on matrix failures subjected to three dimensional (3D) loads are compiled into a UMAT subroutine for ABAQUS to analyze failures of a laminated composite structure. The main purpose of this research is to greatly reduce calculation costs for loading conditions of in-plane tension or compression by introducing a simplified 3D finite element model based on the Pipes-Pagano theory. In all calculation cases, only the constituent properties together with the transverse tensile strength of unidirectional composite are needed as input data. Later in this paper, sufficient illustrations of 81 different composite laminates composed of 14 material systems are analyzed to confirm the practicability of this model.
TsaiSWMeloJDD. A unit circle failure criterion for carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites. Compos Sci Technol2016; 123: 71–78. DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2015.12.011.
2.
SodenPDHintonMJKaddourAS. Lamina properties, lay-up configurations and loading conditions for a range of fibre-reinforced composite laminates. Compos Sci Technol1998; 58: 1011–1022. DOI: 10.1016/S0266-3538(98)00078-5.
3.
KaddourAHintonM. Input data for test cases used in benchmarking triaxial failure theories of composites. J Compos Mater2012; 46: 2295–2312. DOI: 10.1177/0021998312449886.
4.
KaddourAHintonMSmithP, et al.Mechanical properties and details of composite laminates for the test cases used in the third world-wide failure exercise. J Compos Mater2013; 47: 2427–2442. DOI: 10.1177/0021998313499477.
5.
RoeselerBSarhBKismartonM. Composite structures – the first 100 Years. In: ICCM 16, Japan, 2007.
6.
JenkinsCF. Report on materials of construction used in aircraft and aircraft engines. Great Britian Aeronautical Research Committee, 1920.
7.
WangASDYanKC. On modeling matrix failures in composites. Compos A: Appl Sci Manuf2005; 36: 1335–1346. DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2004.11.019.
8.
HuangZ-M. Simulation of the mechanical properties of fibrous composites by the bridging micromechanics model. Compos A: Appl Sci Manuf2001; 32: 143–172. DOI: 10.1016/S1359-835X(00)00142-1.
9.
HuangZ-M. On micromechanics approach to stiffness and strength of unidirectional composites. J Reinf Plast Compos2019; 38: 167–196. DOI: 10.1177/0731684418811938.
10.
RyanSWickleinMMouritzA, et al.Theoretical prediction of dynamic composite material properties for hypervelocity impact simulations. Int J Impact Eng2009; 36: 899–912. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2008.12.012.
11.
YounesRHallalAFardounF, et al.Comparative review study on elastic properties modeling for unidirectional composite materials. In: HuN (ed) Composites and their properties. InTech, 2012.
12.
HuangZ-MZhangC-C. Review: a critical assessment on the predictability of 14 micromechanics models for the stiffness and strength of UD composites. New Series: Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology, 2018, p. 25. DOI: 10.11916/j.issn.1005-9113.18060.
13.
TalrejaRWaasAM. Concepts and definitions related to mechanical behavior of fiber reinforced composite materials. Compos Sci Technol2022; 217: 109081. DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2021.109081.
14.
HuangZ-MWangL-SJiangF, et al.Detection on matrix induced composite failures. Compos Sci Technol2021; 205: 108670. DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2021.108670.
15.
FallahiHTaheri-BehroozFAsadiA. Nonlinear mechanical response of polymer matrix composites: a review. Polym Rev2020; 60: 42–85. DOI: 10.1080/15583724.2019.1656236.
16.
ChowdhuryNTWangJChiuWK, et al.Matrix failure in composite laminates under tensile loading. Compos Struct2016; 135: 61–73. DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2015.09.022.
17.
ChowdhuryNTWangJChiuWK, et al.Matrix failure in composite laminates under compressive loading. Compos A: Appl Sci Manuf2016; 84: 103–113. DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2016.01.007.
18.
WangL-SHuangZ-M. On strength prediction of laminated composites. Compos Sci Technol2022; 219: 109206. DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2021.109206.
19.
PipesRBPaganoNJ. Interlaminar stresses in composite laminates under uniform axial extension. J Compos Mater1970; 4: 538–548. DOI: 10.1177/002199837000400409.
20.
PaganoNJ. Stress fields in composite laminates. Int J Sol Struct1978; 14: 385–400. DOI: 10.1016/0020-7683(78)90020-3.
21.
KimHSChoMKimG-I. Free-edge strength analysis in composite laminates by the extended Kantorovich method. Compos Struct2000; 49: 229–235. DOI: 10.1016/S0263-8223(99)00138-5.
22.
MartinELeguillonDCarrèreN. A twofold strength and toughness criterion for the onset of free-edge shear delamination in angle-ply laminates. Int J Sol Struct2010; 47: 1297–1305. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2010.01.018.
23.
CaterCRXiaoXGoldbergRK, et al.Multiscale investigation of micro-scale stresses at composite laminate free edge. Compos Struct2018; 189: 545–552. DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2018.01.098.
24.
HuangZ-M. Failure and strength of composite materials. Beijing: Science Press, 2018. (in Chinese).
25.
HuangZ-MZhouY-X. Strength of fibrous composites. Hangzhou; Heidelberg, New York: Zhejiang Univ. PressSpringer, 2011.
26.
ZhouYHuangZ-M. Shear deformation of a composite until failure with a debonded interface. Compos Struct2020; 254: 112797. DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2020.112797.
27.
HuangZ-M. Constitutive relation, deformation, failure and strength of composites reinforced with continuous/short fibers or particles. Compos Struct2021; 262: 113279. DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2020.113279.
28.
ZhouYHuangZ-MLiuL. Prediction of interfacial debonding in fiber-reinforced composite laminates. Polym Compos2019; 40: 1828–1841.
29.
HuangZ-MLiuL. Predicting strength of fibrous laminates under triaxial loads only upon independently measured constituent properties. Int J Mech Sci2014; 79: 105–129. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2013.08.010.
30.
ZhouY-XHuangZ-M. A modified ultimate failure criterion and material degradation scheme in bridging model prediction for biaxial strength of laminates. J Compos Mater2008; 42: 2123–2141. DOI: 10.1177/0021998308094551.
31.
SunCTZhouSG. Failure of quasi-isotropic composite laminates with free edges. J Reinf Plast Compos1988; 7: 515–557. DOI: 10.1177/073168448800700602.
32.
NASA. Mechanical properties of neat polymer matrix materials and their unidirectional carbon fiber-reinforced composites, 1989.
33.
TanSC. A progressive failure model for composite laminates containing openings. J Compos Mater1991; 25: 556–577. DOI: 10.1177/002199839102500505.
34.
LeeJSoutisC. Thickness effect on the compressive strength of T800/924C carbon fibre–epoxy laminates. Compos A: Appl Sci Manufact2005; 36: 213–227. DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2004.06.010.
35.
PotluriR. Mechanical properties evaluation of T800 carbon fiber reinforced hybrid composite embedded with silicon carbide microparticles: a micromechanical approach. Multidiscip Model Mater Struct2018; 14: 589–608. DOI: 10.1108/MMMS-09-2017-0106.
36.
LeeJHLeeHKimJ-S. EKC 2009 proceedings of EU-korea conference on science and technology. Springer Science & Business Media, 2010.
GutkinRPinhoSTRobinsonP, et al.On the transition from shear-driven fibre compressive failure to fibre kinking in notched CFRP laminates under longitudinal compression. Compos Sci Technol2010; 70: 1223–1231. DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2010.03.010
39.
SonH-GKumarDParkY-B, et al.Structural design and analysis of composite aircraft fuselage used to develop AFP technology. In: Hakone Pax Yoshino. Japan, 2013.
BarutAMadenciETesslerA. Prediction of composite laminate strength properties using a refined zigzag plate element. In: 54th AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC structures, structural Dynamics, and materials Conference American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. Boston, Massachusetts, 2013. DOI: 10.2514/6.2013-1539.
MouHZouTFengZ, et al.Crashworthiness simulation research of fuselage section with composite skin. Proced Eng2014; 80: 59–65. DOI: 10.1016/j.proeng.2014.09.060.
NaghipourPArnoldSMPinedaEJ, et al.Multiscale static analysis of notched and unnotched laminates using the generalized method of cells. J Compos Mater2017; 51: 1433–1454. DOI: 10.1177/0021998316651708.
47.
DalgarnoRWActionJERobbinsDH, et al.Failure simulations of open-hole IM7/977-3 coupons subjected to fatigue loading using Autodesk Helius PFA. J Compos Mater2017; 51: 2119–2129. DOI: 10.1177/0021998316669579.
48.
KohlerSCugnoniJAmacherR, et al.Transverse cracking in the bulk and at the free edge of thin-ply composites: experiments and multiscale modelling. Compos A: Appl Sci Manuf2019; 124: 105468. DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2019.05.036.
49.
AmacherRCugnoniJBotsisJ, et al.Thin ply composites: experimental characterization and modeling of size-effects. Compos Sci Technol2014; 101: 121–132. DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2014.06.027.
50.
ZhaoYQZhouYHuangZ-M, et al.Experimental and micromechanical investigation of T300/7901 unidirectional composite strength, Polym. Compos2019; 40: 2639–2652.
TanSC. Effective stress fracture models for unnotched and notched multidirectional laminates. J Compos Mater1988; 22: 322–340. DOI: 10.1177/002199838802200402.
53.
SoutisCCurtisPTFleckNA. Compressive failure of notched carbon fibre composites. Proc Math Phys Sci1993; 440: 241–256.
54.
LeeJAAlmondDPHarrisB. The use of neural networks for the prediction of fatigue lives of composite materials. Compos A: Appl Sci Manuf1999; 30: 1159–1169. DOI: 10.1016/S1359-835X(99)00027-5.
55.
HawyesVJCurtisPTSoutisC. Effect of impact damage on the compressive response of composite laminates. Compos A: Appl Sci Manuf2001; 32: 1263–1270. DOI: 10.1016/S1359-835X(01)00072-0.
56.
OgiharaSTakedaNKobayashiS, et al.Effects of stacking sequence on microscopic fatigue damage development in quasi-isotropic CFRP laminates with interlaminar-toughened layers. Compos Sci Technol1999; 59: 1387–1398. DOI: 10.1016/S0266-3538(98)00180-8.
57.
YokozekiTOgasawaraTIshikawaT. Nonlinear behavior and compressive strength of unidirectional and multidirectional carbon fiber composite laminates. Compos A: Appl Sci Manuf2006; 37: 2069–2079. DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2005.12.004.
58.
SuemasuHAkagiKOkushiK, et al.Failure behavior of notched CFRP laminates subjected to tensile load. Adv Compos Mater2020; 29: 259–271. DOI: 10.1080/09243046.2019.1696584.
59.
XiongJJShenoiRAWangSP, et al.On static and fatigue strength determination of carbon fibre/epoxy composites Part 1: Experiments. J Strain Anal Eng Des2004; 39: 529–540. DOI: 10.1243/0309324041896452.
60.
CamanhoPPMaimíPDávilaCG. Prediction of size effects in notched laminates using continuum damage mechanics. Compos Sci Technol2007; 67: 2715–2727. DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2007.02.005.
61.
WisnomMRKhanBHallettSR. Size effects in unnotched tensile strength of unidirectional and quasi-isotropic carbon/epoxy composites. Compos Struct2008; 84: 21–28. DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2007.06.002.
62.
LeeJSoutisC. A study on the compressive strength of thick carbon fibre–epoxy laminates. Compos Sci Technol2007; 67. DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2006.12.001.
63.
HoosKIarveEVBraginskyM, et al.Static strength prediction in laminated composites by using discrete damage modeling. J Compos Mater2017; 51: 1473–1492. DOI: 10.1177/0021998316651986.
64.
André LavoirJReifsniderKLRenshawAJ, et al.Prediction of stress-rupture life of glass/epoxy laminates. Int J Fatigue2000; 22: 467–480. DOI: 10.1016/S0142-1123(00)00022-0.
65.
MukhopadhyaySJonesMIHallettSR. Compressive failure of laminates containing an embedded wrinkle; experimental and numerical study. Compos A: Appl Sci Manuf2015; 73: 132–142. DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2015.03.012.
