Effects of the hygrothermal environment on the mechanical properties of flax fibres

Abstract

Since flax is the most promising plant for the reinforcement of polymer-based composites in structural applications, we have chosen to investigate its hygrothermal characteristics which can be useful for the understanding of the behaviour of other plant fibres. The flax fibres were exposed to different hygrothermal conditions: in an oven at various controlled temperatures (–40 to 140℃) and measured relative humidity, in a climate chamber at 50% relative humidity for define temperatures between 25℃ and 85℃, or different determined aging conditions. The correlation of these hygrothermal conditions to the evolution of the mechanical properties gives evidence of the prominent influence of water over temperature on the microstructural changes of flax fibres. The mechanical parameters drastically decrease in usually prescribed hygrothermal aging conditions for organic matrix composite materials, the strength being particularly sensitive to the presence of water. These evolutions were correlated to the fibre microstructure modifications induced by water absorption as revealed by electron microscopy analyses. These findings could be useful for understanding the behaviour of polymer matrix biocomposites in severe hygrothermal conditions.