This article is concerned with the implementation of a coupled damage-elastic-plastic constitutive model for the matrix material of a 2D triaxial braided carbon fiber composite (2DTBC) subjected to compression loads. Damage in the matrix of 2DTBC is in the form of matrix microcracking which is observed in laboratory experiments of 2DTBC coupons subjected to cyclic loading. In the model, the matrix is treated as a continuously evolving solid governed by a coupled elastic-plastic damage theory which is modified from the classical elasto-plastic theory. With this description of the matrix, the response of 2DTBC to compression loading is studied through the adoption of a representative unit cell that consists of a progressively damaging matrix and elastic-plastic progressively damaging fiber tows. Results from the analysis are compared against a model without evolving damage and also against available experimental data to understand the significance of matrix damage and its influence on compression load bearing capability.
Song, S., Waas, A.W., Shahwan, K.W., Faruque, O. and Xiao, X. ( 2007). Braided Textile Composites under Compressive Loads: Modeling the Response, Strength and Degradation, Composites Science and Technology, 67: 3059-3070.
2.
Talreja, R. ( 1985). A Continuum Mechanics Characterization of Damage in Composite Materials, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences, 399: 195-216.
3.
Schapery, R. ( 1989). Mechanical Characterization and Analysis of Inelastic Composite Laminates with Growing Damage, In: Reddy, J.N. and Tapley, J.L. (eds), Mechanics of Composite Materials and Structures, AMD-100, ASME, New York.
4.
Schapery, R. (1995). Prediction of Compressive Strength and Kink Bands in Composites Using a Work Potential, International Journal of Solids and Structures, 32(6/7): 739-765.
5.
Hufenbach, W. , Bohm, R., Kroll , L. and Langkamp, A. (2004). Theoretical and Experimental Investigation of Anisotropic Damage in Textile-reinforced Composite Structures , Mechanics of Composite Materials, 40(6): 519-532.
6.
Bolotina, K.S. , Murzakhanov, G.K. and Shchugorev , V.N. (2000). Damage and Fracture Mechanisms ofTextile Composites, Mechanics of Composite Materials, 36(1): 45-48.
7.
Tang, X.D. and Whitcomb, J.D. ( 2003). Progressive Failure Behaviors of 2d Woven Composites , Journal of Composite Materials, 37(13): 1167-1189.
8.
Quek, S.C., Waas, A.M., Shahwan, K.W. and Agaram, V. ( 2003). Compressive Response and Failure of Braided Textile Composites: Part 1 - Experiments, International Journal of Nonlinear Mechanics , 39(4): 635-648.
9.
Quek, S.C., Waas, A.M., Shahwan, K.W. and Agaram, V. ( 2003). Compressive Response and Failure of Braided Textile Composites: Part 2 - Computations, International Journal of Nonlinear Mechanics, 39(4): 650-663.
10.
Karkkainen, R.L., Sankar, B.V. and Tzeng, J.T. (2007). A Direct Micromechanical Approach Toward the Development of Quadratic Stress Gradient Failure Criteria forTextile Composites, Journal of Composite Materials, 41(16): 1917-1937.
11.
Karkkainen, R.L., Sankar, B.V. and Tzeng, J.T. (2007). Strength Prediction of Multi-layer Plain Weave Textile Composites using the Direct Micromechanics Method, Composites Part BEngineering , 38(7-8): 924-932.
12.
Cheng, X. and Xiong, J.J. ( 2009). A Novel Analytical Model for Predicting the Compression Modulus of 2d pwf Composites, Composite Structures, 88(2): 296-303.
13.
Kurashiki, T., Nakai, H., Hirosawa , S., Imura, M., Zako, M., Verpoest, I. and Lomov, S. (2007). Mechanical Behaviors for Textile Composites by Fem Based on Damage Mechanics , In: Kim, J.K., Wo, D.Z. , Zhou, L.M., Huang, H.T., Lau, K.T. and Wang, M. (eds), Advances in Composite Materials and Structures , Vol. 334-335, pp. 257-260, Pts 1 and 2, Key Engineering Materials, Trans Tech. Publishers, Switzerland.
14.
Gorbatikh, L., Ivanov, D., Lomov , S. and Verpoest, I. (2007). On Modelling of Damage Evolution in Textile Composites on Meso-level via Property Degradation Approach , Composites Part A - Applied Science and Manufacturing, 38(12): 2433-2442.
15.
Adden, S., Pfleiderer, K., Solodov, I., Horst, P. and Busse, G. ( 2008). Characterization of Stiffness Degradation Caused by Fatigue Damage in Textile Composites Using Circumferential Plate Acoustic Waves, Composites Science and Technology, 68(7-8): 1616-1623.
16.
Takatoya, T. and Susuki, I. (2005). In-plane and Out-of-plane Characteristics of Three-dimensionalTextile Composites, Journal of Composite Materials, 39(6): 543-556.
17.
Salvi, A.G. , Waas, A.M. and Caliskan, A. ( 2008). Energy Absorption and Damage Propagation in 2d Triaxially Braided Carbon Fiber Composites: Effects of In Situ Matrix Properties, Journal of Materials Science , 43(15): 5168-5184.
18.
Ivanov, D.S. , Baudry, F., Broucke, B.V.D., Lomov, S.V., Xie, H. and Verpoest, I. ( 2009). Failure Analysis of Triaxial Braided Composite, Composite Science and Technology , 69(9): 1372-1380.
19.
Lomov, S.V. , Ivanov, D.S. and Verpoest, I. ( 2007). Meso-fe Modelling of Textile Composites: Road Map, Data Flow and Algorithms, Composite Science and Technology, 67: 1870-1891.
20.
Lomov, S.V. , Ivanov, D.S., Verpoest, I., Zako, M., Kurashiki, T., Nakai, H., Molimard, J. and Vautrin, A. ( 2008). Full-field Strain Measurements for Validation of Meso-fe Analysis ofTextile Composites, Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 39(8): 1218-1231.
21.
Lubliner, J. ( 1990). Plasticity Theory, Macmillan Publishing Company.
22.
Song, S. ( 2007). Compression Response of Tri-axially Braided Textile Composites, Ph.D. Thesis, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
23.
Herakovich, C. ( 1998). Mechanics of Fibrous Composites, McGraw-Hill, New York.
24.
Riks, E. ( 1972). The Application of Newton’s Method to the Problem of Elastic Stability, Journal of Applied Mechanics Transactions of the ASME, 39(4): 1060-1065.
25.
Riks, E. ( 1979). Incremental Approach to the Solution of Snapping and Buckling Problems, International Journal of Solids and Structures , 15(7): 529-551.
26.
Quek, S.C., Waas, A.M., Shahwan, K.W. and Agaram, V. ( 2003). Analysis of 2d Triaxial Flat BraidedTextile Composites, International Journal of Mechanical Sciences , 45: 1077-1096.
27.
Song, S., Waas, A.W., Shahwan, K.W., Faruque, O. and Xiao, X. ( 2008). Compression Strength Predictions of 2d Braided Textile Polymer Matrix Composites: Single Cell and Multiple Cell Micromechanics Based Predictions, Journal of Composite Materials, 42(23): 2461-2482.
28.
Hill, R. ( 1948). A Theory of the Yielding and Plastic Flow of Anisotropic Metals, In: Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, UK, Vol. 193, pp. 281-297.
29.
Sundararaghavan, V. and Zabaras, N. (2006). Design of Microstructure-sensitive Properties in Elasto-viscoplastic Polycrystals Using Multi-scale Homogenization , International Journal of Plasticity , 22: 1799-1824.
