Sage Journals: Discover world-class research

Abstract

Recently, aerostatic bearing systems are widely used in various fields in which high precision and high speed are required because of their advantages such as low friction and low heat generation. However, the aerostatic bearing systems have low radial and axial stiffnesses and poor damping properties due to low viscosity of air, and consequently have a low starting value of whirl vibration if heavy metallic spindles are employed.

As the carbon fiber-epoxy composite material has excellent properties for structures, owing to its high specific modulus, high damping and low thermal expansion, the vibrational and thermal characteristics as well as the starting value of the whirl of spindles will be improved if the proper design and manufacturing methods for the composite spindle are developed.

In this paper, a high speed aerostatic spindle was designed and manufactured using high modulus carbon fiber-epoxy composite material for the first time. The design method of the composite spindle and joining method of the composite spindle to the steel sleeves for aerostatic bearing mounting were developed. Using the developed aerostatic spindle bearing system, its static and dynamic characteristics were compared with those of a comparable stainless steel aerostatic spindle.

Keywords

carbon fiber-epoxy composite aerostatic spindle adhesive bonding high speed rotation sleeve adhesive nonlinear model air whirl

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

1. Weck, M. and Koch, A. 1993. "Spindle-Bearing Systems for High-Speed Applications in Machine Tools," Ann. CIRP, 42(1):445-448.

2. Slocum, A. H. 1992. Precision Machine Design, Prentice-Hall International, Inc., London, Chap. 9.

3. Grassam, N. S. and Powell, J. W. 1964. Gas Lubricated Bearings, Butterworths, London, Chap. 1.

4. Him, G. 1854. "Sur le Principaux Phenomenes qui Present les Frottementes Mediats," Soc. Ind. Muihouse Bull., 26:188-277.

5. Gross, W. A. 1962. "Investigation of Whirl in Externally Pressurized Air-Lubricated Journal Bearings," ASMEJ. of Basic Eng., 84:132-138.

6. Larson, R. H. and Richardson, H. H. 1962. "A Preliminary Study of Whirl Instability for Pressurized Gas Bearings," ASMEJ. of Basic Eng., 84:511-520.

7. Taniguchi, O. 1967. "Experimental Study on Instability of Externally Pressurized Air Journal Bearing," JSME Trans., 33:997-1004.

8. Blondeel, E. , Snoeys, R. and Devrieze, L. 1980. "Dynamic Stability of Externally Pressurized Gas Bearings," ASME J. of Lub. Tech., 102:511-519.

9. Wu, K. H. and Cusano, C. 1983. "Analysis of Externally Pressurized, Double-Pad, Gas Porous Thrust Bearing," ASME of Lub. Tech., 105:113-119.

10.

10. Castelli, V. and Pirvics, J. 1968. "Review of Numerical Models in Gas Bearing Film Analysis," ASME J. of Lub. Tech., 90:777-792.

11.

11. Kawabata, N. 1987. "Numerical Analysis of Reynolds Equation for Gas Lubrication in a High Region," JSME Int. J., 30:836-842.

12.

12. Kim, K. W. , Kim, K. M. , Park, J. P. and Lim, J. R. 1990. "A Study on the Improvement of the Stability of a Rigid Rotor Supported by Hybrid Gas Bearing," Int. Conference on Hydrodynamic Bearing-Rotor System Dynamics, Xi'an Jiatong University, China.

13.

13. Horikawa, O. and Shimokobe, A. 1990. "An Active Air Bearing," JSME Int. J., 33:55-60.

14.

14. Han, D. C. , Park, S. S. , Kim, W. J. and Kim, J. W. 1994. "A Study on the Characteristics of Externally Pressurized Air Bearings," J. of the American Soc. for Precision Eng., 16:164-173.

15.

15. Lee, D. G. , Sin, H. C. and Suh, N. P. 1985. "Manufacturing of a Graphite Epoxy Composite Spindle for a Machine Tool," Ann. CIRP, 34:365-369.

16.

16. Choi, J. K. and Lee, D. G. 1997. "Manufacture of a Carbon Fiber-Epoxy Composite Spindle-Bearing System for a Machine Tool," Composite Structures, 37:241-251.

17.

17. Fox, R. W. and McDonald, A. T. 1985. Introduction to Fluid Mechanics, John Wiley & Sons Inc., New York, Chap. 5.

18.

18. Lund, J. W. 1967. "A Theoretical Analysis of Whirl Instability and Pneumatic Hammer for a Rigid Rotor in Pressurized Gas Journal Bearings," ASME J. of Lub. Tech., 89:154-166.

19.

19. Wilcock, D. 1967. Design of Gas Bearings, Mechanical Technology Inc., New York.

20.

20. Slocum, A. H. 1992. Precision Machine Design, Prentice-Hall International, New Jersey, Chap. 9.

21.

21. Lee, S. J. and Lee, D. G. 1995. "An Iterative Solution for the Torque Transmission Capability of Adhesively-Bonded Tubular Single Lap Joints with Nonlinear Shear Properties," J. Adhesion, 53:217-227.

22.

22. Adams, R. D. and Peppiat, N. A. 1977. "Stress Analysis of Adhesive Bonded Tubular Lap Joints," J. Adhesion, 9:1-18.

23.

23. Rao, S. S. 1984. Mechanical Vibrations, Addison-Wesley, New York, Chap. 8.

24.

24. Shigley, J. E. and Mischke, C. R. 1989. Mechanical Engineering Design, McGraw-Hill, New York, Chap. 2.

25.

25. Lee, J. W. 1993. Vibration Analysis of Rotors, Kluwer Academic Publisher, Boston, Chap. 3.

26.

26. Welbourn, D. B. and Smith, J. D. 1970. Machine Tool Dynamics, Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, Chap. 5.

Design and Manufacture of an Aerostatic Spindle Bearing System with Carbon Fiber-Epoxy Composites

Abstract

Keywords

Get full access to this article

References