Auditory verbal hallucinations (AVHs) played an important role in the psychiatric diagnostics, but in the last few decades the diagnostic-free complex phenomenological understanding of the phenomena of voice hearing became the focus of studies.
Materials:
Six semi-structured interviews with recovering voice hearers were conducted and analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA).
Discussion:
The self-help group gives significant help in identification and dealing with the voices; therefore, it serves as turning point in the life story of voice hearers.
Conclusion:
Applying self-help group in clinical context contributes to better outcomes in treatment of voice hearers.
ChadwickP.BirchwoodM. (1994). The omnipotence of voices: A cognitive approach to auditory hallucinations. British Journal of Psychiatry, 164, 190–201.
7.
ChinJ. T.HaywardM.DrinnanA. (2009). Relating to voices: Exploring the relevance of this concept to people who hear voices. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice, 82, 1–17.
8.
CorstensD.LongdenE.McCarthy-JonesS.WaddinghamR.ThomasN. (2014). Emerging perspectives from the hearing voices movement: Implications for research and practice. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 40, 285–294.
9.
de JagerA.RhodesP.BeavanV.HolmesD.McCabeK.ThomasN.HaywardM. (2015). Investigating the lived experience of recovery in people who hear voices. Qualitative Health Research, 26, 1–15.
10.
de WetA.SwartzL.ChilizaB. (2015). Hearing their voices: The lived experience of recovery from first-episode psychosis in schizophrenia in South Africa. International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 61, 27–32.
11.
FalloonI.HarangozóJ.BodrogiA. (2006). Közösségi pszichiátria kézikönyve. Budapest, Hungary: Ébredések Alapítvány. /The Hungarian Handbook of Community Psychiatry. Budapest, Hungary, Awakeing Foundation/
12.
HarangozóJ.GordosE.BodrogiA. (2006). A pszichózisok kognitív viselkedésterápiája. In MórotzK.PerczelF. R.(Eds.), Kognitív viselkedésterápia (pp. 611–656). Budapest, Hungary: Medicina. /The cognitive-behavioral therapy of psychosis, In MórotzK.PerczelF. R. (Eds.), Cognitive behavioral therapy (pp. 611–656). Budapest, Hungary: Medicina /
13.
HaywardM. (2003). Interpersonal relating and voice hearing: To what extent does relating to the voice reflect social relating?Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice, 76, 369–383.
14.
HaywardM.BerryK.McCarthy-JonesS.StraussC.ThomasN. (2013). Beyond the omnipotence of voices: Further developing a relational approach to auditory hallucinations. Psychosis, 6, 242–252.
15.
HaywardM.OvertonJ.DoreyT.DenneyJ. (2009). Relating therapy for people who hear voices: A case series. Clinical Psychology and Psychoteraphy, 16, 216–227.
16.
HendryG. L. (2011). What are the experiences of those attending a self-help hearing voices group: An interpretative phenomenological approach. Leeds, UK: The University of Leeds.
17.
HoltL.TickleA. (2014). Exploring the experience of hearing voices from a first person perspective: A meta-ethnographic synthesis. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice, 87, 278–297.
18.
HoltL.TickleA. (2015). ‘Opening the curtains’: How do voice hearers make sense of their voices?Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal, 38, 256–262.
JacksonL.HaywardM.CookeA. (2011). Developing positive relationships with voices: A preliminary grounded theory. International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 57, 487–495.
21.
JohnsC. L.KompusK.ConnelM.HumpstonC.LincolnT. M.LongdenE.… LarøiF. (2014). Auditory verbal hallucination persons with and without a need for care. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 40, S255–S264.
22.
KapurP.HayesD.WaddinghamR.HillmanS.DeightonJ.MidgleyN. (2014). The experience of engaging with mental health services among young people who hear voices and their families: A mixed methods exploratory study. BMC Health Services Research, 14, 527.
23.
LarøiF.SommerE. I.BlomJ. D.FernyhoughC.FfytcheD. H.HugdahlK.… WatersF. (2012). The characteristic features of auditory verbal hallucinations in clinical and nonclinical groups: State-of-the-art overview and future directions. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 38, 724–733.
24.
LinscottR. J.OsJ. (2010). Systematic reviews of categorical versus continuum models in psychosis: Evidence for discontinuous subpopulations underlying a psychometric continuum. Implications for DSM-V, DSM-VI, and DSM-VII. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 6, 391–419.
25.
MawsonA.BerryK.MurrayC.HaywardM. (2011). Voice hearing within the context of hearers’ social worlds: An interpretative phenomenological analysis. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice, 84, 256–272.
26.
McCarthy-JonesS.DavidsonL. (2013). When soft voices die: Auditory verbal hallucinations and a four letter word (love). Mental Health, Religion & Culture, 16, 367–383.
27.
McCarthy-JonesS.TrauerT.MackinnonA.SimsE.ThomasN.CopolovD. L. (2014). A new phenomenological survey of auditory hallucinations: Evidence for subtypes and implications for theory and practice. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 40, 231–235.
28.
MéreyZ. (2013). A hanghalló önsegítő csoport anyagai I-II. Budapest, Hungary: Ébredések Alapítvány. /Self-help exercise group for voice hearers I-II. Awakenings Foundation/
29.
MilliganD.McCarthy-JonesS.WinthropA.DudleyR. (2012). Time changes everything? A qualitative investigation of the experience of auditory verbal hallucinations over time. Psychosis, 5, 107–118.
30.
NewtonE.LarkinM.MelhuishR.WykesT. (2007). More than just a place to talk: Young people’s experiences of group psychological therapy as an early intervention for auditory hallucinations. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice, 80, 127–149.
31.
NuevoR.ChatterjiS.VerdesE.NaidooN.ArangoC.Ayuso-MateosJ. L. (2012). The continuum of psychotic symptoms in the general population: A cross-national study. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 38, 475–485.
32.
PaulikG. (2012). The role of social schema in the experience of auditory hallucination: A systematic review and proposal for the inclusion of social schema in a cognitive behavioural model of voice hearing. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, 19, 459–472.
33.
RodhamK.FoxF.DoranN. (2015). Exploring analytical trustworthiness and the process of reaching consensus in interpretative phenomenological analysis: Lost in transcription. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 1, 59–71.
34.
RommeM. A.EscherS. (2000). Making sense of voices. London, England: MIND.
35.
RommeM. A.HonigA.NoorthoornE. O.EscherA. D. (1992). Coping with hearing voices: An emancipatory approach. British Journal of Psychiatry, 161, 99–103.
36.
RosenC.JonesN.ChaseK.GrossmanL. S.GinH.SharmaR. P. (2015). Self, voices and embodiment: A phenomenological analysis. Journal of Schizophrenia Research, 2, 1008.
37.
RuddleA.MasonO.WykesT. (2011). A review of hearing voices groups: Evidence and mechanisms of change. Clinical Psychology Review, 31, 757–766.
SmithJ. A.OsbornM. (2007). Interpretative phenomenoligical analysis. In SmithJ. A. (Ed.), Qualitative psychology: A practical guide to research methods (pp. 53–80). London, England: SAGE.
40.
WoodsA. (2013). The voice-hearer. Journal of Mental Health, 22, 263–270.
