Thoracic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has recently undergone important advances, and newer applications could expand the role of thoracic MRI. Existing and developing MRI techniques are described and compared to other imaging techniques with regard to imaging various thoracic regions, structures, and diseases. After an initial discussion of MRI techniques, the role of thoracic MRI in evaluation of the thoracic arteries and veins is described. The next section focuses on specific anatomic regions; namely, the lung, mediastinum, pleural space, thoracic inlet, and diaphragm. The final section reviews some novel techniques that may improve our ability to visualize the pulmonary parenchyma and mediastinum.
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