Sensory Sensitivity: Implications From the Fields of Medicine and Psychology for a Gifted Population

Abstract

Most individuals have similar responses to everyday stimuli from the environment. But some individuals have responses that are stronger or weaker than others, and different ways of processing sensory information from the environment. Some individuals are so bothered by or negatively affected by sensory input and stimulation, or the lack of response to it, for example, that significant complications can arise with school, employment, and personal and family life. This article explores the literature on sensory sensitivity from the fields of medicine and psychology to enhance understanding of gifted and twice-exceptional individuals with sensory sensitivity. Within each field of study, theoretical, conceptual, and measurement approaches are discussed. Literature from the field of autism is explored, which is rich with research, as is research in the area of specific sound sensitivities. The very limited research from the field of gifted education is also explored. Implications for both research and practice are numerous.

Plain Language Summary

Exploring Sensory Sensitivity from Outside the Field of Gifted Education

Most people have similar responses to everyday experiences, such as what you see, what you smell, and what you hear. But some people have responses that are stronger or weaker than others, and different ways of processing sensory information from the environment. Some people are so bothered by sensory input, or their lack of response to it, for example, that significant issues can arise with school, their job, and personal and family life. For example, some people have such issues with smells, lights, and sounds that daily life becomes difficult. This article explores research on sensory sensitivity from the fields of medicine and psychology to enhance understanding of gifted people with sensory sensitivity. Within each field of study, theories and ways of measuring sensory sensitivity are discussed. There are many implications for both research and practice.