Abstract
The big earthquake of 1773 in southern Italy induced many philosophers and men of letters to look at ancient mythology from a new point of view. These meditations were deeply involved with the political calls for national unity and independence. Following the way shown by Giambattista Vico, Francesco Mario Pagano, Vincenzo Cuoco and others, intellectuals started to enquire into the history of mankind, investigating both the fables of mythology and the catastrophes of geology and concluded that Homer was not Greek, but Italian.
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