The authors respond to Burton and Hirshoren's position regarding the three areas of the education of the severely and profoundly retarded: (a) anticipated levels of learning, (b) personnel training, and (c) locus of educational services. Alternative positions in each of these three areas in relation to the severely and profoundly handicapped are presented that emphasize expanding learning parameters, the necessity for a rigorous personnel preparation program, and integrated public school and community settings as the standard for the least restrictive environment.
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