This study examines the relationship between virtual socializing and juvenile delinquency among incarcerated boys in China, as traditional theories focused on in-person interactions are reevaluated amid the internet’s influence. Using 2023 data from a youth correctional institute, we conducted multivariate and indirect effect analyses to explore how virtual socializing influences both offline and online delinquency among incarcerated boys, with special attention given to the role of cyber and real-world peer associations. Our results indicate that engaging in virtual socializing activities correlates with higher levels of delinquency in both spheres, with associations to delinquent peers significantly mediating these effects. These findings highlight the necessity for targeted interventions addressing online activities and peer dynamics to mitigate risks linked to virtual socializing.
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