Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is responsible for one of the most frequently encountered infectious diseases worldwide. H. pylori infection can lead to the development of gastritis and peptic ulcer disease. The presence of H. pylori in the human stomach also represents an increased risk for gastric cancer and gastric lymphoma. Epidemiologic data obtained in adults suggest that the actual colonization with H. pylori is in fact determined by childhood factors. Therefore, the pediatric age group represents the ideal target population for studies concerning the pathogenesis and epidemiology of H. pylori infection.
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