Tens of thousands of U.S. children, adolescents, and young adults are using weights either recreationally, to train for sports, or to compete in weight lifting, power lifting, or body building contests. Weight use may cause significant musculoskeletal injury. This review summarizes for the clinician the best available information on injury risks and prevention.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
NationalInjury InformationClearinghouse. 1986 data summary on injuries caused by weight lifting. Washington, DC: National Electronic Injury Surveillance System, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission.
2.
American Academy of Pediatrics.Strength training, weight and power lifting, and body building by children and adolescents. Pediatrics (in press).
3.
Lincoln, Nebraska National Strength and Conditioning Assoc.Position paper on prepubescent strength training . 1985.
4.
Lincoln, Nebraska National Strength and Conditioning Assoc.How to build a strength training and conditioning program in your high school.
5.
Cahill BR, ed. Proceedings of the conference on strength training and the prepubescent athlete. Chicago: American Orthopedic Society for Sports Medicine , 1988.
6.
Fleck SJ, Kraemer WJDesigning resistance training programs. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics Books, 1987.
7.
Brown EW, Kimball RGMedical history associated with adolescent powerlifting. Pediatrics1983;72:636-44.
8.
Rians CB, Weltman A., Cahill BR, et al. Strength training for prepubescent males: is it safe?Am J Sports Med1987;15:483-9.
9.
Sewall L., Micheli LJStrength training for children. J Pediatr Orthop1986;6:143-6.
10.
Servedio FJ, Bartels RL, Hamlin RL, et al. The effects of weight training, using Olympic style lifts, on various physiologic variables in prepubescent boys (abstract). Med Sci Sports Exerc1985;17:288.
11.
George DH, Stakiw K., Wright CJFatal accident with weight-lifting equipment: implications for safety standards . Can Med Assoc J1989;140:925-6.
12.
Jackson FE, Sazima HJ, Pratt RA II, et al. Weight lifting injuries. J Am College Health Assoc1971;19:187-9.
13.
Gumbs VL, Segal D., Halligan JB, et al. Bilateral distal radius and ulnar fractures in adolescent weight lifters. Am J Sports Med1982;10:375-9.
14.
Ryan JR, Salciccioli GGFractures of the distal radial epiphysis in adolescent weight lifters . Am J Sports Med1976;4:26-7.
15.
Cahill BROsteolysis of the distal part of the clavicle in male athletes. J Bone Joint Surg1982A;64:1053-8.
16.
Kotani PT, Ichikawa N., Wakabayashi W., et al. Studies of spondylolysis found among weight lifters. Br J Sports Med1971 ;6:4-7.
17.
Brady TA, Cahill BR, Bodnar LMWeight training-related injuries in the high school athlete. 1982;10:1-5.
18.
Marshall WA , Tanner JMVariations in the patterns of pubertal change in girls. Arch Dis Child1969;44:291-303.
19.
Marshall WA , Tanner JMVariations in the pattern of pubertal change in boys. Arch Dis Child1970;45:13-23.
20.
Smith NJ, Stanitski CLSports medicine. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Co, 1987:33.