The total and differential leukocyte counts of 238 infants with acute gastroenteritis were evaluated as an aid in differentiating between nonbacterial and bacterial infection. In contrast to the total leukocyte count, which was noncontributory, the absolute band count and the ratio between band and total neutrophil count (B/N ratio) were helpful, with the highest values seen in patients with Shigellosis. A B/N ratio greater than 0.10 can help differentiate Shigella,Salmonella, and Campylobacter infections from E. coli and nonbacterial gastroenteritis with a sensitivity of 84.3 per cent and a specificity of 74.5 per cent.
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