Efficacy of CO-OP Approach With and Without Parental Coaching: RCT Study Protocol: Efficacité de l’approche CO-OP avec et sans coaching parental : protocole d’essai clinique randomisé

Abstract

French

Background.

Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) leads to decreased occupational performance and restricted participation. Cognitive Orientation to daily Occupational Performance Approach (CO-OP) is effective, and as parental support is a key element, it seems relevant to investigate.

Purpose.

To describe a study protocol that will compare CO-OP with and without Occupational Performance Coaching (OPC) on activity and participation of children with DCD.

Method.

Randomized controlled with seven to 12-year-olds, assigned to either experimental (CO-OP+OPC) or control (CO-OP) group, both receiving traditional CO-OP, with four additional parental group sessions for the experimental group.

Key Issues.

Actual and perceived occupational performance and satisfaction of children’s chosen goals and participation, motor performance and executive function. Measures will be obtained at baseline, post-intervention, and at 3-month follow-up.

Implications.

Detailed description of an intervention protocol may help further replication and may contribute to clarify if a boost on parents’ participation promotes better outcomes for children with DCD.

Trial registration.

Clinical Trials, NCT02893852. (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02893852)

Keywords

Activity Children Developmental coordination disorder Motor skill disorders Occupational therapy Participation

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

Associação Brasileira de Empresa de Pesquisa [ABEP]. (2014). Critério de Classificação Econômica Brasil (CCEB). Retrieved from http://www.abep.org/criterio-brasil

Araújo

C. R. S.

Cardoso

A. A.

Magalhães

L. D. C.

(2019). Efficacy of the cognitive orientation to daily occupational performance with Brazilian children with developmental coordination disorder. Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy, 26, 46–54. https://doi.org/10.1080/11038128.2017.1417476

Achenbach

(1991). Child behavior checklist/4-18. University of Vermont, Psychiatry.

American Psychiatric Association (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorder (5th ed.). American Psychiatric Association.

Anderson

Lajoie

(1996). The tower of London test: Validation and standardization for pediatric populations. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 10, 54–65. https://doi.org/10.1080/13854049608406663

Bernardi

Leonard

H. C.

Hill

E. L.

Botting

Henry

L. A.

(2018). Executive functions in children with developmental coordination disorder: A 2-year follow-up study. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 60, 306–313. https://doi.org/10.1111/dmcn.13640

Blank

Barnett

A. L.

Cairney

Green

Kirby

Polatajko

Rosenblum

Smits-Engelsman

Sugden

Wilson

Vinçon

(2019). International clinical practice recommendations on the definition, diagnosis, assessment, intervention, and psychosocial aspects of developmental coordination disorder. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 61(3), 242–285. https://doi.org/10.1111/dmcn.14132

Bordin

I. A. S.

Mari

J. J.

Caeiro

M. F.

(1995). Validação da versão brasileira do Child Behavior Checklist” (CBCL): Dados preliminares. Revista da ABP-APAL, 17, 55–66.

Cairney

Kwan

M. Y.

Hay

J. A.

Faught

B. E.

(2012). Developmental coordination disorder, gender, and body weight: Examining the impact of participation in active play. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 33, 1566–1573. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2012.02.026

10.

Cameron

Capistran

Edwards

Hunt

Martini

. (2017). Using the CO-OP Approach: Involving parents and others in the process. In Dawson

D. R.

McEwen

S. E.

Polatajko

H. J.

(Eds.), Cognitive orientation to daily occupational performance in occupational therapy: Using the CO-OP Approach™ to enable participation across the lifespan (pp. 161–175). AOTA Press.

11.

Capistran

Martini

(2016). Exploring inter-task transfer following a CO-OP approach with four children with DCD: A single subject multiple baseline design. Human Movement Science, 49, 277–290. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humov.2016.07.004

12.

Chan

D. Y.

(2007). The application of cognitive orientation to daily occupational performance (CO-OP) in children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) in Hong Kong: A pilot study. Hong Kong Journal of Occupational Therapy, 17, 39–44. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1569-1861(08)70002-0

13.

Coster

Bedell

Law

Khetani

M. A.

Teplicky

Liljenquist

Gleason

Kao

Y.-C.

(2011). Psychometric evaluation of the participation and environment measure for children and youth. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 53, 1030–1037. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8749.2011.04094.x

14.

Coster

W. J.

Law

M. C.

Bedell

G. M.

Teplicky

. (2010). Participation and environment measure for children and youth (PEM-CY). Trustees of Boston University Secção Comunidade da PEM-CY.

15.

Dawson

D. R.

Gaya

Hunt

Levine

Lemsky

Polatajko

H. J.

(2009). Using the cognitive orientation to occupational performance (CO-OP) with adults with executive dysfunction following traumatic brain injury. Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy, 76, 115–127. https://doi.org/10.1177/000841740907600209

16.

Diamond

(2013). Executive functions. Annual Review of Psychology, 64, 135–168. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-113011-143750

17.

Engel-Yeger

Hanna Kasis

. (2010). The relationship between developmental co-ordination disorders, child’s perceived self-efficacy and preference to participate in daily activities. Child: Care, Health and Development, 36, 670–677. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2214.2010.01073.x

18.

Gomide

P. I. C

. (2006). Inventário de estilos parentais: Modelo teórico, manual de aplicação, apuração e interpretação. Petrópolis: Editora Vozes.

19.

Graham

Rodger

(2010). Occupational performance coaching: Enabling parents’ and children’s occupational performance. Occupation-centred practice with children: A practical guide for occupational therapists (pp. 203–226). https://doi.org/10.1002/9781444319699.ch10

20.

Graham

Rodger

Ziviani

(2009). Coaching parents to enable children’s participation: An approach for working with parents and their children. Australian Occupational Therapy Journal, 56, 16–23. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1630.2008.00736.x

21.

Graham

Rodger

Ziviani

(2013). Effectiveness of occupational performance coaching in improving children’s and mothers’ performance and mothers’ self-competence. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 67, 10–18. https://doi.org/10.5014/ajot.2013.004648

22.

Harter

. (1988). Manual for the self-perception profile for adolescents. University of Denver.

23.

Henderson

S. E.

Sugden

Barnett

. (2007). Movement assessment battery for children-2: Examiner’s manual. Pearson.

24.

Izadi-Najafabadi

Ryan

Ghafooripoor

Gill

Zwicker

J. G.

(2019). Participation of children with developmental coordination disorder. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 84, 75–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2018.05.011

25.

Krikorian

Bartok

Gay

(1994). Tower of London procedure: A standard method and developmental data. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 16, 840–850. https://doi.org/10.1080/01688639408402697

26.

Law

Baptiste

Carswell

McColl

M. A.

Polatajko

Pollock

. (2009). Medida canadense de desempenho ocupacional (COPM). Belo Horizonte: Editora UFMG.

27.

Liang

K. Y.

Zeger

S. L.

(1986). Longitudinal data analysis using generalized linear models. Biometrika, 73, 13–22. https://doi.org/10.1093/biomet/73.1.13

28.

Magalhaes

L. C.

Cardoso

A. A.

Missiuna

(2011). Activities and participation in children with developmental coordination disorder: A systematic review. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 32, 1309–1316. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2011.01.029

29.

Malloy-Diniz

L. F.

Cardoso-Martins

Nassif

E. P.

Levy

A. M.

Leite

W. B.

Fuentes

(2008). Planning abilities of children aged 4 years and 9 months to 8 1/2 years: Effects of age, fluid intelligence and school type on performance in the Tower of London test. Dementia & Neuropsychologia, 2, 26–30. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1980-57642009DN20100006

30.

Martini

Rios

Polatajko

Wolf

McEwen

(2015). The performance quality rating scale (PQRS): Reliability, convergent validity, and internal responsiveness for two scoring systems. Disability and Rehabilitation, 37, 231–238. https://doi.org/10.3109/09638288.2014.913702

31.

Martini

Mandich

Green

(2014). Implementing a modified cognitive orientation to daily occupational performance approach for use in a group format. British Journal of Occupational Therapy, 77, 214–219. https://doi.org/10.4276/030802214X13968769798917

32.

Mattos

Pinheiro

M. A.

Rohde

L. A. P.

Pinto

(2006). Apresentação de uma versão em português para uso no Brasil do instrumento MTA-SNAP-IV de avaliação de sintomas de transtorno do déficit de atenção/hiperatividade e sintomas de transtorno desafiador e de oposição. Revista de psiquiatria do Rio Grande do Sul. Porto Alegre, 28, 290–297. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0101-81082006000300008

33.

McEwen

Houldin

. (2017). Generalization and transfer in the CO-OP approach. In Dawson

D. R.

McEwen

S. E.

Polatajko

H. J.

(Eds.), Cognitive orientation to daily occupational performance in occupational therapy: Using the CO-OP Approach™ to enable participation across the lifespan (pp. 31–42). AOTA Press.

34.

McEwen

Polatajko

Wolf

T.J.

Baum

. (2012). CO-OP fidelity checklist. CO-OP Academy. Retrieved from http://co-opacademy.ca/wpcontent/uploads/2018/04/CO-OP-Fidelity-Checklist-Apr-4-2018.pdf

35.

Miller

L. T.

Polatajko

H. J.

Missiuna

Mandich

A. D.

Macnab

J. J

. (2001). A pilot trial of a cognitive treatment for children with developmental coordination disorder. Human Movement Science, 20, 183–210. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-9457(01)00034-3

36.

Missiuna

Campbell

W. N.

(2014). Psychological aspects of developmental coordination disorder: Can we establish causality? Current Developmental Disorders Reports, 1, 125–131. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40474-014-0012-8

37.

Missiuna

Pollock

Law

. (2004). Perceived efficacy and goal setting system (PEGS). Psychological Corporation.

38.

Missiuna

DeMatteo

Hanna

Mandich

Law

Mahoney

Scott

(2010). Exploring the use of cognitive intervention for children with acquired brain injury. Physical & Occupational Therapy in Pediatrics, 30, 205–219. https://doi.org/10.3109/01942631003761554

39.

Miyahara

Hillier

S. L.

Pridham

Nakagawa

(2017). Task-oriented interventions for children with developmental co-ordination disorder. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 7. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD010914.pub2

40.

Polatajko

H.J

. (2017). History of the CO-OP Approach. In Dawson

D. R.

McEwen

S. E.

Polatajko

H. J.

Cognitive orientation to daily occupational performance in occupational therapy: Using the CO-OP Approach™ to enable participation across the lifespan. (pp. 5–10). AOTA Press.

41.

Polatajko

Mandich

. (2004). Enabling occupation in children: The cognitive orientation to daily occupational performance (CO-OP) approach. CAOT Publications ACE.

42.

Poulsen

A. A.

Ziviani

J. M.

Cuskelly

Smith

(2007). Boys with developmental coordination disorder: Loneliness and team sports participation. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 61, 451–462. https://doi.org/10.5014/ajot.61.4.451

43.

Power

T. J.

Russell

H. F.

Soffer

S. L.

Blom-Hoffman

Grim

S. M.

(2002). Role of parent training in the effective management of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Disease Management and Health Outcomes, 10, 117–126. https://doi.org/10.2165/00115677-200210020-00007

44.

Prado

Magalhães

L. C.

Wilson

B. N.

(2009). Cross-cultural adaptation of the developmental coordination disorder uestionnaire for Brazilian children. Brazilian Journal of Physical Therapy, 13, 236–243. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1413-35552009005000024

45.

Ruggio

C. I. B.

Missiuna

Costa

S. D. A.

Araújo

C. R. S.

Magalhães

L. D. C.

(2018). Validity and reliability of the perceived efficacy and goal setting system (PEGS) for Brazilian children. Cadernos Brasileiros de Terapia Ocupacional, 26, 828–836. https://doi.org/10.4322/2526-8910.ctoAO1702

46.

Sartori

R. F.

Valentini

N. C.

Fonseca

R. P.

(2020). Executive function in children with and without developmental coordination disorder: A comparative study. Child: Care, Health and Development, 46, 294–302. https://doi.org/10.1111/cch.12734

47.

Scammell

E. M.

Bates

S. V.

Houldin

Polatajko

H. J.

(2016). The cognitive orientation to daily occupational performance (CO-OP): A scoping review: L’approche CO-OP (Cognitive Orientation to daily Occupational Performance): Examen de la portée. Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy, 83, 216–225. https://doi.org/10.1177/0008417416651277

48.

Sedó

M. A.

DeCristoforo

(2001). All-language verbal tests free from linguistic barriers. Revista Española de Neuropsicología, 3(3), 68–82.

49.

Sedó

de Paula

Malloy-Diniz

(2015). O Teste dos Cinco Dígitos. Hogrefe.

50.

Shallice

(1982). Specific impairments of planning. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. B, Biological Sciences, 298, 199–209. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1982.0082

51.

Skidmore

McEwen

Green

Houten

Dawson

Polatajko

(2017). Essential elements and key features of the CO-OP approach. In Dawson

D. R.

McEwen

S. E.

Polatajko

H. J.

(Eds.), Cognitive orientation to daily occupational performance in occupational therapy: Using the CO-OP Approach™ to enable participation across the lifespan (pp. 11–20). AOTA Press.

52.

Smits-Engelsman

Schoemaker

Delabastita

Hoskens

Geuze

(2015). Diagnostic criteria for DCD: Past and future. Human Movement Science, 42, 293–306. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humov.2015.03.010

53.

Smits-Engelsman

Vincon

Blank

Quadrado

V. H.

Polatajko

Wilson

P. H.

(2018). Evaluating the evidence for motor-based interventions in developmental coordination disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 74, 72–102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2018.01.002

54.

Sylvestre

Nadeau

Charron

Larose

Lepage

(2013). Social participation by children with developmental coordination disorder compared to their peers. Disability and Rehabilitation, 35, 1814–1820. https://doi.org/10.3109/09638288.2012.756943

55.

Tal-Saban

Zarka

Grotto

Ornoy

Parush

(2012). The functional profile of young adults with suspected developmental coordination disorder (DCD). Research in Developmental Disabilities, 33, 2193–2202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2012.06.005

56.

Valentini

N. C.

Villwock

G. D. M. C.

Vieira

L. F.

Vieira

J. L. L.

Barbosa

M. L. L.

(2010). Validação brasileira da escala de autopercepção de Harter para crianças. Psicologia: Reflexão e Crítica, 23, 411–419. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-79722010000300001

57.

Valentini

N. C.

Ramalho

M. H.

Oliveira

M. A.

(2014). Movement assessment battery for children-2: Translation, reliability, and validity for Brazilian children. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 35, 733–740. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2013.10.028

58.

Wechsler

. (2013). WISC-IV: Escala de Inteligência Wechsler para Crianças. Manual (4th ed.). Casa do Psicólogo.

59.

Wilson

P. H.

Ruddock

Smits-Engelsman

Polatajko

Blank

. (2013). Understanding performance deficits in developmental coordination disorder: A meta-analysis of recent research. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 55, 217–228. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8749.2012.04436.x

60.

World Health Organization. (2007). International classification of functioning, disability, and health: Children & youth version: ICF-CY. World Health Organization.

61.

Zwicker

J. G.

Rehal

Sodhi

Karkling

Paul

Hilliard

Jarus

(2015). Effectiveness of a summer camp intervention for children with developmental coordination disorder. Physical & Occupational Therapy in Pediatrics, 35, 163–177. https://doi.org/10.3109/01942638.2014.957431

62.

Zwicker

J. G.

Harris

S. R.

Klassen

A. F.

(2013a). Quality of life domains affected in children with developmental coordination disorder: A systematic review. Child: Care, Health and Development, 39, 562–580. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2214.2012.01379.x

63.

Zwicker

J. G.

Yoon

S. W.

MacKay

Petrie-Thomas

Rogers

Synnes

A. R.

(2013b). Perinatal and neonatal predictors of developmental coordination disorder in very low birthweight children. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 98, 118–122. https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2012-302268