CO-OP for Children with DCD: Goals Addressed and Strategies Used

Abstract

French

Introduction.

Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that impacts motor coordination and interferes with participation in everyday activities. Cognitive Orientation to Occupational Performance (CO-OP) is a client-centered treatment approach that focuses on skill acquisition through cognitive strategy use.

Objectives.

To determine which types of goals a sample of children with DCD choose most frequently and which domain-specific strategies were most commonly used to address these goals.

Methods.

Retrospective chart review of 50 children (8–12 years) with DCD who completed CO-OP intervention was conducted to identify goal types and strategy use.

Results.

Leisure was the most common goal type. Supplementing task knowledge, body position, and task modification were the most frequently used strategies.

Conclusions.

Results confirm the types of goals that are commonly selected by children with DCD and highlight commonly used strategies used to meet these goals. Findings will help guide occupational therapists in selecting appropriate strategies to meet children’s goals.

Keywords

CO-OP Developmental coordination disorder Motor skills disorders Occupational therapy

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders [DSM-5] (5th ed.). American Psychiatric Association.

Bernie

Rodger

(2004). Cognitive strategy use in school-aged children with developmental coordination disorder. Physical and Occupational Therapy in Pediatrics, 24(4), 23–45.

Blank

Barnett

A. L.

Cairney

Green

Kirby

Polatajko

Rosenblum

Smits-Engelsman

, B

Sugden

Wilson

Vinçon

(2019). International clinical practice recommendations on the definition, diagnosis, assessment, intervention, and psychosocial aspects of developmental coordination disorder. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 61(3), 242–285. https://doi.org/10.1111/dmcn.14132

Blank

Smits-Engelsman

Polatajko

Wilson

(2012). European Academy for Childhood Disability (EACD): Recommendations on the definition, diagnosis, and intervention of developmental coordination disorder (long version). Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 54(1), 54–93.

Conners

C. K.

(2008). Conners 3rd edition manual. Multi-Health Systems.

Cousins

Smyth

M. M.

(2003). Developmental coordination impairments in adulthood. Human Movement Science, 22(4–5), 433–459. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humov.2003.09.003

Dewey

Kaplan

B. J.

Crawford

S. G.

Wilson

B. N.

(2002). Developmental coordination disorder: Associated problems in attention, learning, and psychosocial adjustment. Human Movement Science, 21(5–6), 905–918.

Engel-Yeger

Kasis

A. H.

(2010). The relationship between developmental coordination disorders, child’s perceived self-efficacy and preference to participate in daily activities. Child: Care, Health and Development, 36(5), 670–677. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2214.2010.01073.x

Geuze

R. H.

Jongmans

M. J.

Schoemaker

M. M.

Smits-Engelsman

B. C.

(2001). Clinical and research diagnostic criteria for developmental coordination disorder: A review and discussion. Human Movement Science, 20, 7–47. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-9457(01)00027-6

10.

Goulardins

J. B.

Rigoli

Licari

Piek

J. P.

Hasue

R. H.

Oosterlaan

Oliveira

J. A.

(2015). Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and developmental coordination disorder: Two separate disorders or do they share a common etiology. Behavioural Brain Research, 292, 484–492. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2015.07.009

11.

Henderson

S. E.

Sugden

D. A.

Barnett

A. L.

(2007). Movement assessment battery for children (2nd ed.): Examiner’s manual [MABC-2]. Harcourt Association.

12.

Izadi-Najafabadi

Ryan

Ghafooripoor

Gill

Zwicker

J. G.

(2019). Participation of children with developmental coordination disorder. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 84, 75–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2018.05.011

13.

Kadejsö

Gillberg

(1998). Attention deficits and clumsiness in Swedish 7-year-old children. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 40(12), 796–804.

14.

Karras

H. C.

Morin

D. N.

Gill

Izadi-Najafabadi

Zwicker

J. G.

(2019). Health-related quality of life of children with developmental coordination disorder. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 84, 85–95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2018.05.012

15.

Kirby

Sugden

Purcell

(2014). Diagnosing developmental coordination disorders. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 99, 292–296. https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2012-303569

16.

Lee

Zwicker

J. G.

(2018, June 20–23). Early identification and intervention for children with developmental coordination disorder. Symposium presentation at the Canadian Occupational Therapy Association Conference, Vancouver, BC.

17.

Lenz

B. K.

Ellis

E. S.

Scanlon

(1996). Teaching learning strategies to adolescents and adults with learning disabilities. Pro-Ed.

18.

Mandich

Polatajko

H. J.

Miller

Baum

(2004). Pediatric activity card sort (PACS). Canadian Association of Occupational Therapists.

19.

Martin

N. C.

Piek

J. P.

Hay

(2006). A genetic study of their shared aetiology. Human Movement Science, 25(1), 110–124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humov.2005.10.006

20.

Miller

Polatajko

Missiuna

Mandich

Macnab

J. A.

(2001). A pilot trial of cognitive treatment for children with developmental coordination disorder. Human Movement Science, 20(1–2), 183–210. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-9457(01)00034-3

21.

Missiuna

Mandich

A. D.

Polatajko

H. J.

Malloy-Miller

(2001). Cognitive orientation to daily occupational performance (CO-OP): Part I—Theoretical foundations. Physical & Occupational Therapy in Pediatrics, 20(2–3), 69–81.

22.

Missiuna

Rivard

Bartlett

(2006). Exploring assessment tools and the target of intervention for children with developmental coordination disorder. Physical & Occupational Therapy in Pediatrics, 26, 71–89. https://doi.org/10.1080/J006v26n01_06

23.

Piek

J. P.

Dyck

M. J.

Nieman

Anderson

Hay

Smith

L. M.

McCoy

Hallmayer

(2004). The relationship between motor coordination, executive functioning and attention in school aged children. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 19(8), 1063–1076. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acn.2003.12.007

24.

Polatajko

H. J.

Mandich

(2004). Enabling occupation in children: The cognitive orientation to daily occupational performance (CO-OP) approach. CAOT Publications ACE.

25.

Polatajko

H. J.

Mandich

A. D.

Miller

L. T.

Macnab

J. J.

(2001). Cognitive orientation to daily occupational performance (CO-OP): Part II—The evidence. Physical & Occupational Therapy in Pediatrics, 20(2–3), 83–106. https://doi.org/10.1080/J006v20n02_06

26.

Polatajko

H. J.

Mandich

A. D.

Missiuna

Miller

L. T.

Macnab

J. J.

Malloy-Miller

Kinsella

E. A.

(2001). Cognitive orientation to daily occupational performance (CO-OP): Part III—The protocol in brief. Physical & Occupational Therapy in Pediatrics, 20(2–3), 107–123. https://doi.org/10.1080/J006v20n02_07

27.

Raz-Silbiger

Lifshitz

Katz

Steinhart

Cermak

S. A.

Weintraub

(2015). Relationship between motor skills, participation in leisure activities and quality of life of children with developmental coordination disorder: Temporal aspects. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 38, 171–180. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2014.12.012

28.

Rodger

Liu

(2008). Cognitive orientation to (daily) occupational performance: Changes in strategy and session time use over the course of intervention. OTJR: Occupation, Participation and Health, 28(4), 168–179. https://doi.org/10.3928/15394492-20080901-03

29.

Sangster

C. A.

Beninger

Polatajko

H. J.

Mandich

(2005). Cognitive strategy generation in children with developmental coordination disorder. Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy, 72(2), 67–77. https://doi.org/10.1177/000841740507200201

30.

Smits-Engelsman

B. C. M.

Vinçon

Blank

Quadrado

V. H.

Polatajko

Wilson

P. H.

(2018). Evaluating the evidence for motor-based interventions in developmental coordination disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 74, 72–102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2018.01.002

31.

Statistics Canada. (2019). Population estimates on July 1st, by age and sex: Table 17-10-0005-01.

32.

Thornton

Licari

Reid

Armstrong

Fallows

Elliott

(2016). Cognitive orientation to (daily) occupational performance intervention leads to improvements in impairments, activity, and participation in children with developmental coordination disorder. Disability and Rehabilitation, 38(10), 979–986. https://doi.org/10.3109/09638288.2015.1070298

33.

Townsend

Polatajko

(2013). Enabling occupation II: Advancing an occupational therapy vision for advancing health, wellbeing and justice through occupation. CAOT Publications ACE.

34.

Watemberg

Waiserberg

Zuk

Lerman-Sagie

(2007). Developmental coordination disorder in children with attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder and physical therapy intervention. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 49(12), 920–925.

35.

Wilson

B. N.

Crawford

S. G.

Green

Roberts

Aylott

Kaplan

(2009). Psychometric properties of the revised developmental coordination disorder questionnaire. Physical & Occupational Therapy in Pediatrics, 29(2), 182–202. https://doi.org/10.1080/01942630902784761

36.

Wilson

B. N.

Kaplan

B. J.

Crawford

S. G.

Roberts

(2007). Developmental coordination questionnaire 2007 (DCDQ’07). DCDQ.

37.

Zwicker

J. G.

Harris

S. R.

Klassen

A. F.

(2013). Quality of life domains affected in children with developmental coordination disorder: A systematic review. Child: Care, Health, and Development, 39(4), 562–580. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2214.2012.01379.x

38.

Zwicker

J. G.

Missiuna

Harris

S. R.

Boyd

L. A.

(2012). Developmental coordination disorder: A review and update. European Journal of Paediatric Neurology, 16(6), 573–581. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpn.2012.05.005

39.

Zwicker

J. G.

Rehal

Sodhi

Karkling

Paul

Hilliard

Jarus

(2015). Effectiveness of a summer camp intervention for children with developmental coordination disorder. Physical & Occupational Therapy in Pediatrics, 35(2), 163–177. https://doi.org/10.3109/01942638.2014.957431

40.

Zwicker

J. G.

Suto

Harris

S. R.

Vlasakova

Missiuna

(2018). Developmental coordination disorder is more than a motor problem: Children describe the impact of daily struggles on their quality of life. British Journal of Occupational Therapy, 81(2), 65–73. https://doi.org/10.1177/0308022617735046