Paradoxical Ethical Tensions in Wind Power Generation: Mapping Vicious Cyclical Dynamics and Proposing Strategies to Pivot to a Just Energy Transition

Abstract

This study aims to understand how paradoxical ethical tensions in wind power generation can be managed in favor of a just energy transition. The empirical focus involves a renewable energy focal network that emerged in the state of Ceará, Brazil, whose efforts propelled the state from an almost non-existent producer to energy self-sufficiency. Our phenomenon-based research strategy identifies paradoxical ethical tensions as both socially constructed by the focal network and enmeshed within the Brazilian institutional energy system. Upon our results, we propose a framework to clarify a vicious cycle in wind power generation, whose tension transforms from latency to salience and then persists due to power asymmetries. This dynamic favors the focal network and hinders local communities’ capacity for legitimately responding to paradoxical ethical tensions. We suggest management strategies to shift this vicious cycle into a virtuous one. By capturing the interactions’ complexity and allowing a macro-level view of paradoxes, we deepen our understanding of how paradoxical ethical tensions are manifested and impact beyond organizations’ boundaries.