Abstract
The urinary excretions of the free catecholamines noradrenaline, adrenaline and dopamine were measured in 50 patients (33 men and 17 women) with chronic renal failure. Stability studies showed that the catecholamines were stable in unacidified urine as long as the pH was not greater than 7·5 and the urine was acidified within 2–3 h of collection. The outputs of noradrenaline and dopamine correlated positively with creatinine clearance and in patients with clearances above 40 mL/min were similar to those in healthy volunteers (n = 20). However, adrenaline output was not correlated with creatinine clearance although it was lower in patients with renal failure compared with healthy volunteers. The urinary free catecholamine output during the first 10 days after a renal transplant was significantly less than normal, presumably because renal function was still impaired. However, in patients treated with cyclosporin A (CyA) combined with prednisolone the catecholamine excretion was lower compared with those treated with CyA and azathioprine. Impairment in renal function can have a marked effect on the output of free catecholamines and must be borne in mind when interpreting values that may have pathological significance.