The in vivo effect of histamine on mucociliary activity in the rabbit maxillary sinus was investigated by injecting histamine into the maxillary artery and recording the responses with a photoelectric technique. Histamine stimulated the mucociliary activity dose-dependently in the dose range 10 to 1,000 μg/kg. The maximum response was 31.6% ± 3.7% at a dose of 50 μg/kg. The histamine-induced stimulation of the mucociliary activity was characterized by a short latency with a peak response within 1 to 2 minutes and a slow decline lasting about 5 minutes. The response displayed tachyphylaxis. Cholinergic blockade with atropine did not affect the response to histamine. Blockade of H1 receptors with pyrilamine abolished the response to histamine, whereas blockade of H2 receptors with cimetidine was without effect. The H2 agonist dimaprit failed to stimulate the mucociliary activity. It is concluded that histamine stimulates the mucociliary activity in the rabbit maxillary sinus via H1 receptors.
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