Admission Endocan Level may be a Useful Predictor for In-Hospital Mortality and Coronary Severity Index in Patients With ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Restricted accessResearch articleFirst published online January, 2017
Admission Endocan Level may be a Useful Predictor for In-Hospital Mortality and Coronary Severity Index in Patients With ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
We assessed the prognostic role of serum endocan level in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and compared the results with a normal coronary angiography group. A total of 133 patients were included in the study (88 patients with STEMI and 45 patients with normal coronary arteries). The SYNTAX score was determined based on the baseline coronary angiogram. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that endocan independently correlated with the presence of STEMI. Moreover, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), peak troponin I, and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were found to be independently associated with STEMI. Endocan level correlated significantly with hsCRP and SYNTAX score. We analyzed the discriminatory capability of endocan level for the presence of STEMI using a receiver–operating characteristics curve. A cutoff endocan level of 1.7 (ng/mL) predicted the presence of STEMI with a sensitivity of 76.1% and specificity of 73.6%. In conclusion, a high endocan level on hospital admission is an independent predictor of a worse cardiovascular outcome and a high SYNTAX score in patients with STEMI.
LopezADMathersCDEzzatiMJamisonDTMurrayCJL. Global and regional burden of disease and risk factors, 2001: systematic analysis of population health data. Lancet. 2006;367(9524):1747–1757.
2.
ErtasFCanÖAcetHOzbakkalogluM. The clinical significance of anticardiolipin antibody levels in patients with acute myocardial infarction: a regional study. Postepy Kardiol Interwencyjnej. 2013;9(4):328–331.
3.
LibbyPRidkerPMMaseriA. Inflammation and atherosclerosis. Circulation. 2002;105(9):1135–1143.
4.
PearsonTAMensahGAAlexanderRW.; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; American Heart Association. Markers of inflammation and cardiovascular disease application to clinical and public health practice: a statement for healthcare professionals from the centers for disease control and prevention and the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2003;107(3):499–511.
5.
ZairisMNLyrasAGBibisGP. Association of inflammatory biomarkers and cardiac troponin I with multifocal activation of coronary artery tree in the setting of non-ST-elevation acute myocardial infarction. Atherosclerosis. 2005;182(1):161–167.
6.
SarrazinSAdamELyonM. Endocan or endothelial cell specific molecule-1 (ESM-1): a potential novel endothelial cell marker and a new target for cancer therapy. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2006;1765(1):25–37.
7.
OzakiKToshikuniNGeorgeJ. Serum endocan as a novel prognostic biomarker in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. J Cancer. 2014;5(3):221–230.
8.
BaltaIBaltaSDemirkolS. Elevated serum levels of endocan in patients with psoriasis vulgaris: correlations with cardiovascular risk and activity of disease. Br J Dermatol. 2013;169(5):1066–1070.
9.
BaltaSMikhailidisDPDemirkolS. Endocan—a novel inflammatory indicator in newly diagnosed patients with hypertension a pilot study. Angiology. 2014;65(9):773–777.
10.
CoxLAvan EijkLTRamakersBP. Inflammation-induced increases in plasma endocan levels are associated with endothelial dysfunction in humans in vivo. Shock. 2015;43(4):322–326.
11.
LeeHGChoiHYBaeJS. Endocan as a potential diagnostic or prognostic biomarker for chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int. 2014;86(6):1079–1081.
12.
GersztenREGarcia-ZepedaEALimYC. MCP-1 and IL-8 trigger firm adhesion of monocytes to vascular endothelium under flow conditions. Nature. 1999;398(6729):718–723.
13.
MontalescotGSechtemUAchenbachS. 2013 ESC guidelines on the management of stable coronary artery disease. Eur Heart J. 2013;34(38):2949–3003.
14.
KushnerFGHandMSmithSCJr; American College of CardiologyFoundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. 2009 Focused Updates: ACC/AHA Guidelines for the Management of Patients With ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (Updating the 2004 Guideline and 2007 Focused Update) and ACC/AHA/SCAI Guidelines on Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (Updating the 2005 Guideline and 2007 Focused Update). A Report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2009;120(22):2271–2306.
15.
TamhaneUUAnejaSMontgomeryDRogersEKEagleKAGurmHS. Association between admission neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Am J Cardiol. 2008;102(6):653–657.
16.
BéchardDGentinaTDeleheddeM. Endocan is a novel chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate proteoglycan that promotes hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor mitogenic activity. J Biol Chem. 2001;276(51):48341–48349.
17.
BechardDMeigninVEacuteR. Characterization of the secreted form of endothelial-cell-specific molecule 1 by specific monoclonal antibodies. J Vasc Res. 2000;37(5):417–425.
18.
BéchardDScherpereelAHammadH. Human endothelial-cell specific molecule-1 binds directly to the integrin CD11a/CD18 (LFA-1) and blocks binding to intercellular adhesion molecule-1. J Immunol. 2001;167(6):3099–3106.
19.
ZhangSMZuoLZhouQ. Expression and distribution of endocan in human tissues. Biotech Histochem. 2012;87(3):172–178.
20.
YangJYangQYuSZhangX. Endocan: a new marker for cancer and a target for cancer therapy (review). Biomed Rep. 2015;3(3):279–283.
21.
DeleheddeMDevenynsLMaurageCAVivèsRR. Endocan in cancers: a lesson from a circulating dermatan sulfate proteoglycan. Int J Cell Biol. 2013;2013:705027.
22.
ScherpereelADepontieuFGrigoriuB. Endocan, a new endothelial marker in human sepsis. Crit Care Med. 2006;34(2):532–537.
23.
BaltaIBaltaSKoryurekOM. Serum endocan levels as a marker of disease activity in patients with Behçet disease. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2014;70(2):291–296.
24.
AltintasNMutluLCAkkoyunDC. Effect of CPAP on new endothelial dysfunction marker, endocan, in people with obstructive sleep apnea. Angiology. 2016;67(4):364–374.
25.
XiongCZhaoZWChenZY. Elevated human endothelial cell-specific molecule-1 level and its association with coronary artery disease in patients with hypertension. J Investig Med. 2015;63(7):867–870.
26.
KundiHGokMKiziltuncE. The relationship between serum endocan levels with the presence of slow coronary flow: a cross-sectional study. [published online November 25, 2015]. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost. 2015.
