High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) is an independent risk factor for premature atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. Plasma HDL exerts potent antioxidant activity. We evaluated parameters associated with oxidative stress in participants with low HDL-C. This study included 32 patients with low HDL-C (≤35 mg/dL) and 33 age- and sex-matched control patients with normal HDL-C (>35 mg/dL). We evaluated clinical and laboratory parameters that are associated with oxidative stress. The oxidative stress index (OSI) levels were significantly higher in the low HDL-C group (3.32 [0.01-13.3] vs 0.74 [0.17-3.55] AU; P < .01) and negatively correlated with HDL-C levels. We suggest that change in OSI and uric acid levels in the study group might indicate increased oxidative status in patients with low HDL-C. This may be associated with increased cardiovascular risk.
FlorentinMLiberopoulosENWierzbickiASMikhailidisDP. Multiple actions of high-density lipoprotein. Curr Opin Cardiol. 2008;23(4):370–378.
3.
SviridovDMukhamedovaNRemaleyATChin-DustingJNestelP. Antiatherogenic functionality of high density lipoprotein: how much versus how good. J Atheroscler Thromb. 2008;15(2):52–62.
4.
SiesH. Oxidative stress: oxidants and antioxidants. Exp Physiol. 1997;82(2):291–295.
5.
StockerRKeaneyJFJr. Role of oxidative modifications in atherosclerosis. Physiol Rev. 2004;84(4):1381–1478.
6.
ExnerMMinarEMlekuschW. Myeloperoxidase predicts progression of carotid stenosis in states of low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006;47(11):2212–2218.
7.
ErelO. A new automated colorimetric method for measuring total oxidant status. Clin Biochem. 2005;38(12):1103–1111.
8.
ErelO. A novel automated method to measure total antioxidant response against potent free radical reactions. Clin Biochem. 2004;37(2):112–119.
9.
DemirbagRGurMYilmazRKuntASErelOAndacMH. Influence of oxidative stress on the development of collateral circulation in total coronary occlusionInt J Cardiol. 2007;116(1):14–19.
10.
Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults. Executive summary of the third report of the national cholesterol education program (NCEP) expert panel on detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults (Adult Treatment Panel III). JAMA. 2001;285(19):2486–2497.
11.
GordonTCastelliWPHjortlandMCKannelWBDawberTR. High density lipoprotein as a protective factor against coronary heart disease. The Framingham Study. Am J Med. 1977;62(5):707–714.
12.
AssmannGSchulteHvon EckardsteinAHuangY. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol as a predictor of coronary heart disease risk. The PROCAM experience and pathophysiological implications for reverse cholesterol transport. Atherosclerosis. 1996;124(suppl):S11–S20.
13.
BrewerHBJrSantamarina-FojoS. Clinical significance of high-density lipoproteins and the development of atherosclerosis: focus on the role of the adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette protein A1 transporter. Am J Cardiol. 2003;92(4B):10K–16K.
14.
AcharjeeSBodenWEHartiganPM. Low levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol and increased risk of cardiovascular events in stable ischemic heart disease patients: a post hoc analysis from the COURAGE Trial. J Am Coll Cardiol. August 8, 2013. pii:S0735–1097(13)03082–9.
15.
KontushAde FariaECChantepieSChapmanMJ. A normotriglyceridemic, low HDL-cholesterol phenotype is characterised by elevated oxidative stress and HDL particles with attenuated antioxidative activity. Atherosclerosis. 2005;182(2):277–285.
16.
AlbertiKGEckelRHGrundySM. Harmonizing the metabolic syndrome: a joint interim statement of the international diabetes federation task force on epidemiology and prevention; national heart, lung, and blood institute; American heart association; world heart federation; international atherosclerosis society; and international association for the study of obesity. Circulation. 2009;120(16):1640–1645.
17.
HarmaMIHarmaMErelO. Measuring plasma oxidative stress biomarkers in sport medicine. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2006;97(4):505–508.
18.
HarmaMHarmaMErelO. Increased oxidative stress in patients with hydatidiform mole. Swiss Med Wkly. 2003;133(41-42): 563–566.
19.
ProsserHCNgMKBursillCA. The role of cholesterol effux in mechanisms of endothelial protection by HDL. Curr Opin Lipidol. 2012;23(3):182–189.
20.
ByrneJAGrieveDJCaveACShahAM. Oxidative stress and heart failure. Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss. 2003;96(3):214–221.
21.
UngvariZGupteSARecchiaFABatkaiSPacherP. Role of oxidative-nitrosative stress and downstream pathways in various forms of cardiomyopathy and heart failure. Curr Vasc Pharmacol. 2005;3(3):221–229.
22.
BowryVWStanleyKKStockerR. High density lipoprotein is the major carrier of lipid hydroperoxides in human blood plasma from fasting donors. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1992;89(21):10316–10320.
23.
AnsellBJFonarowGCFogelmanAM. The paradox of dysfunctional high-density lipoprotein. Curr Opin Lipidol. 2007;18(4):427–434.
24.
NavabMHamaSYAnantharamaiahGM. Normal high density lipoprotein inhibits three steps in the formation of mildly oxidized low density lipoprotein: steps 2 and 3. J Lipid Res. 41(9):1495–1508.
25.
WaynerDDBurtonGWIngoldKUBarclayLRLockeSJ. The relative contributions of vitamin E, urate, ascorbate and proteins to the total peroxyl radical-trapping antioxidant activity of human blood plasma. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1987;924(3):408–419.
26.
SchaeferEJLamon-FavaSOrdovasJM. Factors associated with low and elevated plasma high density lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein A-I levels in the Framingham Offspring Study. J Lipid Res. 1994;35(5):871–878.
27.
MahleyRWBersotTP. Low levels of high-density lipoproteins in the Turkish population: a risk factor for coronary heart disease. Türk Kardiyol Dern Arş. 1999;27:37–43.
28.
MahleyRWBersotTP. Genetics determinants of low HDL; insight from studies of the Turkish population. Atherosclerosis. 1999;146(suppl 1):S8.
29.
OnatAHergençGUzunlarB, at al. Türk toplumunda koroner risk faktörü olarak HDL-kolesterol: öngördürücülüğü, belirleyicileri ve ilişkileri. Türk Kardiyol Dern Arş. 2003;31:9–16.
30.
PodrezEA. Anti-oxidant properties of high-density lipoprotein and atherosclerosis. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 2010;37(7):719–725.
31.
Otocka-KmiecikAMikhailidisDPNichollsSJDavidsonMRyszJBanachM. Dysfunctional HDL: a novel important diagnostic and therapeutic target in cardiovascular disease?Prog Lipid Res. 2012;51(4):314–324.
