Resting muscle VO 2 consumption (rmVO2) as measured by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) has been poorly studied in peripheral arterial disease (PAD). We studied the feasibility of its assessment in a clinical setting, compared values from PAD and healthy participants, and identified factors affecting rmVO 2 in PAD. A total of 119 PAD patients with claudication and 30 healthy participants were enrolled. Ankle brachial index (ABI), adipose tissue thickness, and rmVO2 in the gastrocnemius after venous (rmVO2ven) or arterial (rmVO2art) occlusion were measured with NIRS. Compared to rmVO2art, rmVO2ven determination was less painful (P = .001), with higher values (P < .0001). rmVO2ven of PAD patients was not significantly different from healthy participants and was inversely correlated with the corresponding ABI (P = .018). rmVO2ven from severely diseased legs was higher than values from borderline/moderately diseased legs (P = .003). The determination of rmVO2ven by NIRS is suitable for the clinical setting and allows noninvasive quantification of a compensatory peripheral adaptation in patients with PAD.
Mancini DM, Bolinger L., Li H., Kendrick K., Chance B., Wilson JRValidation of near-infrared spectroscopy in humans. J Appl Physiol. 1994;77(6):2740-2747.
2.
Belardinelli R., Barstow T., Porszasz J., Wasserman K.Changes in skeletal muscle oxygenation during incremental exercise measured with near infrared spectroscopy. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1995;70(6):487-492.
3.
Ferrari M., Binzoni T., Quaresima V.Oxidative metabolism in muscle. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci.1997;352(1354): 677-683.
4.
Boushel R., Langberg H., Olesen J., Gonzales-Alonzo J., Bülow J., Kjaer M.Monitoring tissue oxygen availability with near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) in health and disease. Scand J Med Sci Sports.2001;11(4):213-222.
5.
Ferrari M., Mottola L., Quaresima V.Principles, technique and limitations of near-infrared spectroscopy. Can J Appl Physiol.2004;29(4):463-487.
6.
Hamaoka T., McCully KK, Quaresima V., Yamamoto K., Chance B.Near-infrared spectroscopy/imaging for monitoring muscle oxygenation and oxidative metabolism in healthy and diseased humans. J Biomed Opt. 2007;12(6):062105.
Seifalian AM , Atwal A., White S., Mikhailidis DP, Baker D., Hamilton G.A role for near infrared spectroscopy in the assessment of intermittent claudication. Int Angiol. 2001;20(4): 301-306.
11.
Watanabe T. , Matsushita M., Nishikimi N., Sakurai T., Komori K., Nimura Y.Near-infrared spectroscopy with treadmill exercise to assess lower limb ischemia in patients with atherosclerotic occlusive disease. Surg Today. 2004;34(10):849-854.
12.
Vardi M., Nini A.Near-infrared spectroscopy for evaluation of peripheral vascular disease. A systematic review of literature. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg . 2008;35:68-74.
13.
Manfredini F., Malagoni AM, Felisatti M., et al. A dynamic objective evaluation of peripheral arterial disease by Near-Infrared Spectroscopy. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg.2009;38(4):441-448.
14.
De Blasi RA , Cope M., Elwell C., Safoue F., Ferrari M.Noninvasive measurement of human forearm oxygen consumption by near infrared spectroscopy. Eur J Appl Physiol . 1993;67(1):20-25.
15.
Colier Wnjm , Meeuwsen Ibae, Degens H., Oeseburg B.Determination of oxygen consumption in muscle during exercise using near infrared spectroscopy. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand Suppl. 1995;39(107):151-155.
16.
Homma S., Eda H., Ogasawara S., Kagaya A.Near-infrared estimation of O2 supply and consumption in forearm muscles working at varying intensity. J Appl Physiol. 1996 ;80(4):1279-1284.
17.
De Blasi RA, Almenrader N., Aurisicchio P., Ferrari M.Comparison of two methods of measuring forearm oxygen consumption (VO2) by near infrared spectroscopy. J Biomed Optics. 1997;2(2):171-173.
18.
Van Beekvelt MC, Colier WN, Van Engelen BG, Hopman MT, Wevers RA, Oeseburg B.Validation of measurement protocols to asses oxygen consumption and blood flow in the human forearm by near infrared spectroscopy . In: Benaron DA, Chance B, Ferrari M, eds. Photon Propagation in Tissues. III. Proceedings of the SPIE. ; 1998, vol. 3194: 133-144.
19.
Van Beekvelt MC, Colier WN, Wevers RA, Van Engelen BGPerformance of near-infrared spectroscopy in measuring local O(2) consumption and blood flow in skeletal muscle. J Appl Physiol. 2001;90(2):511-519.
20.
Cheatle TR, Potter LA, Cope M., Delpy DT, Coleridge Smith PD, Scurr JHNear-infrared spectroscopy in peripheral vascular disease. Br J Surg. 1991;78(4):405-408.
21.
Wolf U., Wolf M., Choi JH, et al. Localized irregularities in hemoglobin flow and oxygenation in calf muscle in patients with peripheral vascular disease detected with near-infrared spectrophotometry. J Vasc Surg. 2003;37(5):1017-1026.
22.
Hiatt WRMedical treatment of peripheral arterial disease and claudication. N Engl J Med. 2001;344(21):1608-1621.
23.
Marfell-Jones M., Olds T., Stewart A., Carter L.International Standards for Anthropometric Assessment. Potchefstroom, South Africa: ISAK; 2006.
24.
Vierordt H.Anatomische, Physiologische und Physikalische Daten und Tabellen. Jena, Germany: Gustav Fisscher; 1906.
25.
De Blasi RA , Ferrari M., Natali A., Conti G., Mega A., Gasparetto A.Noninvasive measurement of forearm blood flow and oxygen consumption by near-infrared spectroscopy. J Appl Physiol. 1994;76(3):1388-1393.
26.
Van Beekvelt MC, Van Engelen BG, Wevers RA, Colier WNQuantitative near-infrared spectroscopy discriminates between mitochondrial myopathies and normal muscle. Ann Neurol . 1990;46(4):667-670.
27.
Gerovasili V., Dimopoulos S., Tzanis G., Anastasiou-Nana M., Nanas S.Utilizing the vascular occlusion tecnique with NIRS technology. Int J Ind Ergonomics . 2009; doi:10.1016/j.ergon. 2009.02.004.
28.
van Beekvelt MC, Borghuis MS, van Engelen BG, Wevers RA, Colier WNAdipose tissue thickness affects in vivo quantitative near-IR spectroscopy in human skeletal muscle. Clin Sci ( Lond). 2001;101(1):21-28.
29.
Lindstedt SL , Conley KEHuman aerobic performance: too much ado about limits to V(O(2)). J Exp Biol. 2001;204(pt 18):3195-3199.
30.
Stewart KJ, Hiatt WR, Regensteiner JG, Hirsch ATExercise training for claudication. N Engl J Med. 2002;347(24):1941-1951.
31.
Abozguia K. , Phan TT, Shivu GN, et al. Reduced in vivo skeletal muscle oxygen consumption in patients with chronic heart failure-a study using Near Infrared Spectrophotometry (NIRS). Eur J Heart Fail. 2008;10(7):652-657.
32.
Gardner AW, Montgomery PS, Killewich LANatural history of physical function in older men with intermittent claudication . J Vasc Surg. 2004;40(1):73-78.
33.
McDermott MM , Ferrucci L., Guralnik J., et al. Pathophysiological changes in calf muscle predict mobility loss at 2-year follow-up in men and women with peripheral arterial disease. Circulation.2009;120(12):1048-1055.
