In this article we describe the considerable influence of the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) on research on residential migration, mobility, and neighborhood attainment, as well as the role of PSID-based research in housing policy debates. We review some of the central research findings and key discoveries that have come from analyses that have used the PSID. We then present new research, using PSID data that are linked to geographic data, to demonstrate how geographic moves are associated with changes in neighborhood poverty rates. The relationship differs markedly for blacks and whites, and our results add to a body of work that shows sharp racial differences in residential context, and the role that personal migration plays in shaping this stratification. Finally, we use these findings and the shortcomings of past research to prescribe ways that the PSID could be enhanced to understand more about migration dynamics and processes of residential stratification.
BanksJamesBlundellRichardOldfieldZoeSmithJames. 2011. Housing mobility and downsizing at older ages in Britain and the United States. Economica79 (313): 1–26.
2.
CharlesCamille Zubrinsky. 2003. The dynamics of racial residential segregation. Annual Review of Sociology29:167–207.
3.
ClarkWilliam A.V.LisowskiWilliam. 2017. Examining the life course sequence of intending to move and moving. Population, Space, and Place24 (3): 1–12.
4.
ClarkWilliamWithersSuzanne Davies. 2002. Disentangling the interaction of migration, mobility, and labor-force participation. Environment and Planning34 (5): 923–45.
5.
CookeThomasShuttleworthIan. 2018. The effects of information and communication technologies on residential mobility and migration. Population, Space and Place24 (3): 1–11.
6.
CookeThomas J.MulderClara H.ThomasMichael. 2016. Union dissolution and migration. Demographic Research34 (26): 741–60.
7.
CoulsonN. EdwardGriecoPaul L.E.2013. Mobility and mortgages: Evidence from the PSID. Regional Science and Urban Economics43 (1): 1–7.
8.
CrowderKyle D.2001. Racial stratification in the actuation of mobility expectations: Micro-level impacts of racially restrictive housing markets. Social Forces79 (4): 1377–1396.
9.
CrowderKyleDowneyLiam. 2010. Inter-neighborhood migration, race, and environmental hazards: Modeling micro-level processes of environmental inequality. American Journal of Sociology 115 (4): 1110–1149.
10.
CrowderKylePaisJeremySouthScott J.2012. Neighborhood diversity, metropolitan constraints, and household migration. American Sociological Review77 (3): 325–53.
11.
CrowderKyleSouthScott J.2005. Race, class, and changing patterns of migration between poor and nonpoor neighborhoods. American Journal of Sociology110 (6): 1715–1763.
12.
CrowderKyleSouthScott J.ChavezErick. 2006. Wealth, race, and inter-neighborhood migration. American Sociological Review71 (1): 72–94.
13.
DesmondMatthewShollenbergerTracey. 2015. Forced displacement from rental housing: Prevalence and neighborhood consequences. Demography52:1751–1772.
14.
ElliottJamesHowellJunia. 2017. Beyond disasters: A longitudinal analysis of natural hazards’ unequal impacts on residential instability. Social Forces95 (3): 1181–1207.
15.
FosterThomas. 2017. The persistent black-white gap in and weakening link between expecting to move and actually moving. Sociology of Race and Ethnicity4 (3): 353–70.
16.
GanongPeterNoelPascal. 2017. The effect of debt on default and consumption: Evidence from housing policy in the Great Recession. Unpublished Working Paper. Harvard University.
17.
HallMatthewCrowderKyleSpringAmy. 2015a. Variations in housing foreclosures by race and place, 2005–2012. The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science660 (1): 217–37.
18.
HallMatthewCrowderKyleSpringAmy. 2015b. Neighborhood foreclosures, racial/ethnic transitions, and residential segregation. American Sociological Review80 (3): 526–49.
19.
HallMatthewCrowderKyleSpringAmyGabrielRyan. 2018. Foreclosure migration and neighborhood outcomes: Moving toward segregation and disadvantage. Social Science Research70:107–14.
20.
HallidayTimothy J.KimmittMichael C.2008. Selective migration and health in the USA, 1984–93. Population Studies62 (3): 321–34.
21.
HaynieDanaSilverEricTeasdaleBrent. 2006. Neighborhood characteristics, peer networks, and adolescent violence. Journal of Quantitative Criminology22 (2): 147–69.
22.
HuangYingSouthScottSpringAmi. 2017. Racial differences in neighborhood attainment: The contributions of interneighborhood migration and in situ change. Demography54 (5): 1819–1843.
23.
IhrkeDavidFaberCarol. 2012. Geographical mobility: 2005 to 2010. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Commerce.
24.
JargowskyPaul. 1997. Poverty and place: Ghettos, barrios, and the American city. New York, NY: Russell Sage Foundation.
25.
JohnsonRuckerSchoeniRobertRogowskiJeannette. 2012. Health disparities in mid-to-late life: The role of earlier life family and neighborhood socioeconomic conditions. Social Science & Medicine74 (4): 625–36.
26.
JollyNicholas. 2015. Geographic mobility and the costs of job loss. The B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis and Policy15 (4): 1793–1829.
27.
Kravitz-WirtzNicoleCrowderKyleHajatAnjumSassVictoria. 2016. The long-term dynamics of racial/ethnic inequality in neighborhood air pollution exposure, 1990–2009. Du Bois Review: Social Science Research on Race13 (2): 237–59.
28.
KriegRandall. 1997. Occupational change, employer change, internal migration, and earnings. Regional Science and Urban Economics27:1–15.
29.
KrysanMariaCrowderKyle. 2017. Cycle of segregation: Social processes and residential stratification. New York, NY: Russell Sage Foundation.
30.
LeeBarrett A.ReardonSeanFirebaughGlennFarrellChadMatthewsStephenO’SullivanDavid. 2008. Beyond the census tract: Patterns and determinants of racial segregation at multiple geographic scales. American Sociological Review73 (5): 766–91.
31.
LeeKwan Ok. 2017. Temporal dynamics of racial segregation in the United States: An analysis of household residential mobility. Journal of Urban Affairs39 (1): 40–67.
32.
LeeKwan OkSmithRichardGalsterGeorge. 2017a. Subsidized housing and residential trajectories: An application of matched sequence analysis. Housing Policy Debate27:1–32.
33.
LeeKwan OkSmithRichardGalsterGeorge. 2017b. Neighborhood trajectories of low-income U.S. households: An application of sequence analysis. Journal of Urban Affairs39 (3): 335–57.
34.
LennonMary C.ClarkWilliam A.V.JoshiHeather. 2016. Residential mobility and wellbeing: Exploring children’s living situations and their implications for housing policy. Longitudinal and Life Course Studies7 (3): 197–200.
35.
MasseyDouglas S.AlbrightLenCascianoRebeccaDericksonElizabethKinseyDavid N.2013. Climbing Mount Laurel: The struggle for affordable housing and social mobility in an American suburb. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
36.
MasseyDouglas S.DentonNancy. 1993. American Apartheid: Segregation and the making of the underclass. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
37.
MasseyDouglas S.GrossAndrew B.ShibuyaKumiko. 1994. Migration, segregation, and the geographic concentration of poverty. American Sociological Review59 (3): 425–45.
NewmanSandraHolupkaC. Scott. 2017b. The effects of assisted housing on child well-being. American Journal of Community Psychology60 (1–2): 66–78.
40.
PagerDevahShepherdHana. 2008. The sociology of discrimination: Racial discrimination in employment, housing, credit, and consumer markets. Annual Review of Sociology34:181–209.
41.
PaisJeremyCrowderKyleSouthScott J.2012. Metropolitan heterogeneity and minority neighborhood attainment: Spatial assimilation or place stratification?Social Problems59 (2): 258–81.
42.
PaisJeremyCrowderKyleDowneyLiam. 2014. Unequal trajectories: Racial and class differences in residential exposure to industrial hazard. Social Forces92 (3): 1189–1215.
43.
PatilloMary. 2005. Black middle-class neighborhoods. Annual Review of Sociology31:305–29.
44.
QuillianLincoln. 2002. Why is black-white residential segregation so persistent? Evidence on three theories from migration data. Social Science Research31 (2): 197–229.
45.
QuillianLincoln. 2003. How long are exposures to poor neighborhoods? The long-term dynamics of entry and exit from poor neighborhoods. Population Research and Policy Review22 (3): 221–49.
46.
QuillianLincoln. 2015. A comparison of traditional and discrete-choice approaches to the analysis of residential mobility and locational attainment. The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science660 (1): 240–60.
47.
SharkeyPatrick. 2013. Stuck in place: Urban neighborhoods and the end of progress toward racial equality. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
48.
SharkeyPatrickElwertFelix. 2011. The legacy of disadvantage: Multigenerational neighborhood effects on cognitive ability. American Journal of Sociology116 (6): 1934–1981.
49.
SouthScott J.CrowderKyle. 1997a. Escaping distressed neighborhoods: Individual community, and metropolitan influences. American Journal of Sociology102 (4): 1040– 1084.
50.
SouthScott J.CrowderKyle D.1997b. Residential mobility between cities and suburbs: Race, suburbanization and back-to-the-city moves. Demography34 (4): 525–38.
51.
SouthScott J.CrowderKyle D.1998a. Housing discrimination and residential mobility: Impacts for blacks and whites. Population Research and Policy Review17 (4): 369–87.
52.
SouthScott J.CrowderKyle D.1998b. Leaving the ’hood: Residential mobility between black, white, and integrated neighborhoods. American Sociological Review63 (1): 17–26.
53.
SouthScott J.CrowderKyleChavezErick. 2005. Exiting and entering high-poverty neighborhoods: Latinos, Blacks and Anglos compared. Social Forces84 (2): 873–900.
54.
SouthScott J.CrowderKyle D.TrentKatherine. 1998. Children’s residential mobility and neighborhood environment following parental divorce and remarriage. Social Forces77 (2): 667–93.
55.
SouthScottHuangYingSpringAmyCrowderKyle. 2016. Neighborhood attainment over the adult life course. American Sociological Review81 (6): 1276–1304.
56.
SpringAmyTolnayStewartCrowderKyle. 2013. Moving for opportunities? Changing patterns of migration in North America. In Handbook of Migration, ed. WhiteMichael, 421–48. New York, NY: Springer.
57.
SpringAmyAckertElizabethCrowderKyleSouthScott. 2017. Influence of proximity to kin on residential mobility and destination choice: Examining local movers in metropolitan areas. Demography54 (4): 1277–1304.
58.
TimberlakeJeffrey. 2007. Racial and ethnic inequality in the duration of children’s exposure to neighborhood poverty and affluence. Social Problems54 (3): 319–42.
59.
TolnayStewart. 2003. The African American “Great Migration” and beyond. Annual Review of Sociology29:209–32.
60.
VartanianThomasBuckPage WalkerGleasonPhilip. 2007. Intergenerational neighborhood-type mobility: Examining differences between blacks and whites. Housing Studies22 (5): 833–56.
61.
WhiteMichael J.1987. American neighborhoods and residential differentiation. New York, NY: Russell Sage Foundation.
