Este estudio longitudinal analiza la influencia de la transición “nacimiento de un hermano” sobre la calidad del apego infantil, la autonomía, y la aceptación del nuevo hermano o hermana. Los participantes fueron 90 niños y niñas entre 3 y 5 años, 45 con un hermano y 45 hijos únicos. Las evaluaciones fueron realizadas cuando el hermano tenía entre 1 y 6 meses y al cumplir el año. Los padres cumplimentaron una escala de evaluación de la autonomía infantil y a los niños se les administró un procedimiento de historias incompletas para evaluar la calidad del apego y el impacto del nacimiento. Los resultados mostraron que los niños con apego seguro tienen más autonomía social y de criterio que los niños inseguros sin que afecte el tener o no un hermano, que no existen diferencias en calidad del apego entre hijos únicos y niños con hermano y que la vivencia del nacimiento no se relaciona con cambios en la calidad del apego y reduce las manifestaciones negativas hacia el hermano.
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