En el presente artículo se revisan y clasifican un amplio número de investigaciones sobre el aprendizaje y la enseñanza de la lectura inicial. La selección de los estudios respondió a dos criterios: que se centraran en las primeras etapas de la enseñanza de la lectura y que atendieran a las características de la propuesta metodológica de los docentes. Encontramos muchas investigaciones sobre la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de la lectura que investigan aspectos muy diversos, en función de los elementos de la situación educativa que enfocan, la metodología que utilizan, y el paradigma o teoría psicológica de la que parten. En esta revisión se organizan estas investigaciones atendiendo a su aproximación más o menos parcial o global a la práctica de enseñanza de la lectura. Esta organización nos permite apuntar diferentes conclusiones acerca del alcance y limitaciones de estos distintos estudios.
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