This paper presents the study of a field-controllable, semi-active magneto-rheological fluid (MRF) shock absorber for high-payload, off-highway vehicles. A MRF damper is developed that is tailored for ground vehicles which undergo a wide range of dynamic loading. The MRF damper also has the capability for different rebound and compression characteristics. The new MRF shock absorber emulates the original equipment manufacture shock absorber behavior in its passive-off mode. Theoretical and experimental studies are performed to examine this MRF damper. The Bingham Plastic theory is employed to model the nonlinear behavior of the MRF. A fluid-mechanics-based theoretical model along with a three-dimensional finite element electromagnetic analysis is utilized to predict the MRF damper performance. The theoretical and experimental results are demonstrated to be in good agreement.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Barak, P. , 1989, “Design and Evaluation of an Adjustable Automatic Suspension,” SAE Paper No. 890089.
2.
Breese, D. G. and Gordaninejad, F., 1999, “Heating of Magneto-Rheological Fluid Dampers: A Theoretical Study,”Smart Systems for Bridges, Structures, and Highways, Proceedings of the 1999 SPIE Conference on Smart Materials and Structures, Vol. 3671, pp. 2-10.
3.
Breese, D. G. and Gordaninejad, F., 2000, “Semi-Active Controllable Magneto-Rheological Fluid Dampers for a Mountain Bicycle,”Industrial and Commercial Applications of Smart Structures Technologies, Proceedings of SPIE Conference on Smart Materials and Structures, J. H. Jacobs (ed.), Vol. 3991, pp. 283-293.
4.
Breese, D. G. , Gordaninejad, F. and Ericksen, E. O., 2000, “Heat Generation of Magneto-Rheological Fluid Dampers: A Theoretical Study Utilizing Fluid Dynamics Approach,”Smart Systems for Bridges, Structures, and Highways, Proceedings of SPIE Conference on Smart Materials and Structures, C. Liu (ed.), Vol. 3988, pp. 450-457.
5.
Carlson, J. D. , Catanzarite, D. M. and St. Clair, K. A., 1995, “Commercial Magneto-Rheological Fluid Devices,”Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on ER Fluids, MR Fluids and Associated Technology,U. Sheffield, UK, pp. 20-28.
6.
Dogruoz, M. B. , Gordaninejad, F., Wang, L. C. and Stipanovic, A., 2000, “Heat Transfer of Magneto-Rheological Dampers,”Smart Systems for Bridges, Structures, and Highways, Proceedings of SPIE Conference on Smart Materials and Structures, C. Liu (ed.), Vol. 3988, pp. 84-93.
7.
Ericksen, E. O. and Gordaninejad, F., 1999, “A Magneto-Rheological Fluid Shock Absorber for an Off-Road Motorcycle,”Proceedings of Asia-Pacific Vibration Conference ’99, Ed. by O. J. Huat and L. K. Meow, Vol. 2, pp. 267-271.
8.
Ericksen, E. O. and Gordaninejad, F., 2000, “A Magneto-Rheological Fluid Shock Absorbers for the Rear Suspension of an Off-Road Motorcycle: A Theoretical Study, Industrial and Commercial Applications of Smart Structures, Proceedings of SPIE Conference on Smart Materials and Structures, J. H. Jacobs (ed.), Vol. 3991, pp. 273-282.
9.
Gordaninejad, F. and Breese, D. G., 2000, “Magneto-Rheological Fluid Dampers,” U.S. Patent No. 6,019,201.
10.
Gordaninejad, F. and Kelso, S., 1999, “Controllable Magneto-Rheological Fluid Shock Absorbers,” patent pending.
11.
Gordaninejad, F. and Breese, D. G., 2000, “Heating of Magnetorheological Fluid Dampers,”Journal of Intelligent Material, Systems and Structures, accepted, in press.
12.
Gordaninejad, F. and Kelso, S. P., 2000, “Magneto-Rheological Fluid Shock Absorbers for HMMWV,”Proceedings of SPIE Conference on Smart Materials and Structures, Newport Beach, California, March, in press.
13.
Gordaninejad, F. , Saiidi, M., Hansen, B. C. and Chang, F-K, 1998a, “Magneto-Rheological Fluid Dampers for Control of Bridges,”Proceedings of the Second World Conference on Structural Control, Ed. by Koboriet al., Wiley, pp. 991-1000, Kyoto, Japan.
14.
Gordaninejad, F. , Saiidi, M., Hansen, B. C. and Chang, F-K, 1998b, “Control of Bridges Using Magneto-Rheological Fluid Dampers and Fiber-Reinforced, Composite-Material Column,”Smart Systems for Bridges, Structures, and Highways, Proceedings of the 1998 SPIE Conference on Smart Materials and Structures, Vol. 3325, pp. 2-11.
15.
Hoogterp, F. B. , Saxon, N. L. and Schihl, P. J., 1993, “Semiactive Suspension for Military Vehicles,” SAE Technical Paper No. 930847.
16.
Ivers, D. E. and Miller, L. R.1991, “Semi-Active Suspension Technology: An Evolutionary View,” DE-Vol. 40, Advanced Automotive Technologies, ASME.
17.
Kelso, S. P., 1998, “Development and Investigation of Magneto-Rheological Fluid (MRF) Dampers for Off-Highway, High-Payload Vehicles,” Master Thesis, University of Nevada, Reno.
18.
Kelso, S. P. and Gordaninejad, F., 1999, “Magneto-Rheological Fluid Shock Absorbers for Off Highway, High-Payload Vehicles,”Passive Damping and Isolation, Proceedings of the 1998 SPIE Conference on Smart Materials and Structures, Ed. by L. Porter Davis Vol. 3672 pp. 44-54.
19.
Larminie, J. C. 1992, “The Value of Cross-Country Mobility,”Proceedings of I.S.T.V.S. Conference on Off-Road Vehicles, London, UK.
20.
Liu, Y. , Gordaninejad, F., Evrensel, C. A., Wang, X. and Hitchcock, 2000, “Semi-active Control of a Bridge Using Controllable Magneto-Rheological Dampers,”Smart Systems for Bridges, Structures, and Highways, Proceedings of SPIE Conference on Smart Materials and Structures, C. Liu (ed.), Vol. 3988, pp. 199-206.
21.
Phillips, R. W., 1969, “Engineering Applications of Fluids with a Variable Yield Stress,” Ph.D. Dissertation, University of California.
22.
Wang, X. and Gordaninejad, F., 1999, “Herschel-Bulkley Analysis of Electro- and Magneto-Rheological Controllable Fluids in Flow Mode,”Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on ER Fluids and MR Suspensions, pp. 580-591.
23.
Wang, X. and Gordaninejad, F. 2000a, “Study of Controllable Fluid Dampers in Flow Mode Using Herschel-Bulkley Model,”Damping and Isolation, Proceedings of SPIE Conference on Smart Materials and Structures, T. T. Hyde (ed.), Vol. 3989, 99. 232-243.
24.
Wang, X. , and Gordaninejad, F.2000b, “Flow Analysis of Field-Controllable, Electro- and Magneto-Rheological Fluids Using Herschel-Bulkley Model,”Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures, accepted, in press.
