The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of acupressure on fatigue severity, sleep quality, and psychological status in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) receiving hemodialysis (HD) treatment.
Design:
A single-blinded parallel-group randomized controlled trial.
Settings/Location:
A medical center in central Java, Indonesia.
Subjects:
One hundred and six patients who had been receiving HD for at least 3 months were enrolled in this study and randomly assigned to two groups.
Interventions:
The experimental group received acupressure at K1, ST36, and SP6 acupoints. In contrast, the control group received sham acupressure at 1 cun from these three acupoints. Subjects received acupressure thrice per week for 4 weeks, and pressure on each acupoint was applied for 3 min bilaterally.
Outcome measures:
The primary outcome was fatigue severity, while sleep quality and psychological status (depression/anxiety) were evaluated as secondary outcomes. Outcomes were assessed using the Brief Fatigue Inventory, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale.
Results:
Acupressure induced a significant medium to large effect on improvement in fatigue (b = −1.71, confidence interval [95% CI]: −1.90 to −1.51, ΔR2 = 0.744), sleep quality (b = −5.81, 95% CI: −6.80 to −4.81, ΔR2 = 0.525), and anxiety (Estimate = −3.213, 95% CI: −4.238 to −2.188, pseudo R2 = 0.292)/depression (Estimate = −3.378, 95% CI: −4.432 to −2.325, pseudo R2 = 0.268) in experimental group patients compared to controls. No adverse events of acupressure were reported during the study process.
Conclusions:
Acupressure significantly and independently improved fatigue, depression/anxiety, and sleep quality in ESRD patients receiving HD.
Clinical Trial Registration:
NCT05571007
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