Restricted accessResearch articleFirst published online 2023-12
Development of Eco-Friendly Solid Shampoo Containing Natural Pigments: Physical-Chemical,Microbiological Characterization and Analysis of Antioxidant Activity
The development of cosmetics formulated with natural ingredients is on the rise. Solid shampoos are considered a natural and ecological alternative that has been gaining ground in the cosmetics industry. Additionally, biomass of cyanobacteria and C-phycocyanin (C-PC), one of its components, are considered potential ingredients in various industries, including food, renewable energy, and, more recently, cosmetics formulas. The present work aims to develop solid shampoos using natural pigments derived from Spirulina, which provide color and health-promoting properties. In addition, physical-chemical and microbiological characterization, analysis of color stability, and biological activity of the produced bioproducts were carried out. Therefore, four solid shampoos were prepared: control shampoo (A), without the addition of pigments containing 1% (w/w) of C-PC (B), shampoo with 5% (w/w) Spirulina biomass (C) and shampoo with 5% (w/w) of residual Spirulina biomass (D) (obtained after extracting the C-PC). The physical-chemical characterization presented results within the ranges determined by Brazilian Legislation for all evaluated parameters. The results of the microbiological analysis indicated that all samples are considered safe and sanitary. All shampoos produced with the addition of pigments exhibited higher antioxidant activity and phenolic compounds content than the control shampoo. However, the formulation made with Spirulina biomass (C) showed greater stability in its pigmenting action, and the same happened with the antioxidant activity considering the two methods studied in the evaluation of this parameter during the evaluated period.
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