Dilute H2SO4 and SO2 pretreatment of Loblolly pine residue and stem wood followed by enzymatic hydrolysis of the treated solids and fermentation of the resulting sugars were compared in this study. The results indicated that cellulose conversion was higher using SO2 compared to H2SO4 for both residue and stem wood samples. After 72 h hydrolysis cellulose conversion was 51.5% (with Tween 80) in the H2SO4 post-pretreatment sample and 62.9% (with Tween 80) in the SO2 post-pretreatment sample. The molecular weight of α-cellulose and the cellulose crystallinity index of the H2SO4 pretreated samples were higher than for the SO2 pretreated ones. During enzymatic hydrolysis, the pretreated Loblolly pine stem wood produced slightly (5%) higher amounts of glucose than from the treated pine residue. As a result, the pine stem wood yielded only 5% more ethanol than the pine residue in the fermentation process. Thus, the Loblolly pine residue could be regarded as an alternative for stem wood in bioethanol production.
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