Comparison of Inhibitory Control After Acute Bouts of Exergaming Between Children with Obesity and Their Normal-Weight Peers

Abstract

Objective:

The benefits of exergaming on executive function in children have been increasingly reported; however, weight-dependent effects of exergames on executive function, and inhibitory control in particular, remain poorly understood. We examined performance on an inhibitory control task at baseline and following acute bouts of exergaming in children who varied in weight status.

Materials and Methods:

Forty 8–12-year-old children with obesity (n = 20) and normal weight (n = 20) performed neutral, congruent, and incongruent conditions of a Victoria Stroop Test (VST) before and after exergames through an Xbox One in an elementary classroom. We measured time spent in moderate-to vigorous-intensity activity through ActiGraph accelerometers and recorded gameplay time.

Results:

At baseline, children with obesity relative to their normal-weight peers had significantly longer reaction times (P = 0.011), resulting in significantly longer completion time (P = 0.005) during incongruent trials requiring greater inhibitory control, and therefore had higher interference scores (P = 0.024). However, following acute bouts of exergames, children with obesity compared with their normal-weight counterparts significantly decreased completion time (P = 0.013), made fewer errors (P = 0.012) during incongruent trials, and subsequently had reduced interference effects (P = 0.037). Children with obesity and normal-weight children spent similar time (minutes) (7.8 vs. 8.6, P = 0.725) in moderate-to vigorous-intensity activity during similar gameplay time (8.7 vs. 10.5, P = 0.819).

Conclusion:

Our results suggest that greater, acute cognitive gains occur in children with obesity relative to normal-weight children following similar intensity and duration of exergames, which may be due to reduced inhibitory control capacity at baseline in childhood obesity.