Polyurethane/clay nanocomposites reinforced with carbon and glass fibres: Study of mechanical and thermal properties,and the effect of electron beam irradiation

Abstract

Polyurethane (PU) nanocomposites with 0, 1, 3, 5, and 7 wt-% nanoclay contents were prepared. X-ray diffraction patterns, transmission electron microscopy images, tensile test, and thermogravimetric analysis were utilised to reveal the morphological, mechanical, and thermal-resistant properties of the prepared nanocomposites. The exfoliated structure was obtained for nanoclay contents up to 3 wt-%. Incorporation of nanoclay to the PU matrix prompted the thermal stability of the polymer. A nanocomposite filled with 3 wt-% nanoclay showed the best tensile strength in the prepared nanocomposites. Subsequently, the nanocomposite with the 3 wt-% nanoclay was reinforced with carbon and glass fibres. Reinforcement of the PU/nanoclay matrix with carbon and glass fibres significantly ameliorated the tensile properties. Finally, the effects of the electron beam irradiation on the nanocomposites and fibre-reinforced composites were studied. Irradiation with the doses up to 500 kGy enhanced the mechanical and thermal properties. However, further irradiation deteriorated the mechanical and thermal-resistant properties.