Recently, the inclusion of different types of fibres into geopolymers, as reinforcement, has amplified due to the rapid increase in geopolymers developments. In spite of geopolymers have prospective properties such as low carbon footprint, low consumption of energy, good compressive strength, resistance to fire, resistance to flame, resistance to corrosion and good durability, they undergo from low tensile strength and flexural strength. To avoid these shortages, different types of fibres could be incorporated into geopolymers to enhance their toughness, tensile strength and ductility. The current survey aims to review the effect of different types of fibres named polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), carbon and glass fibres on the fresh and hardened properties of geopolymers.
U.S. Geological Survey. Mineral commodity summaries 2018; p. 1–200. doi:10.3133/70194932.
2.
BenhelalE, ZahediG, ShamsaeiE, Global strategies and potentials to curb CO2 emissions in cement industry. J Clean Prod. 2013;51:142–161. doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2012.10.049
3.
RashadAM.Alkali-activated metakaolin: a short guide for civil engineer – an overview. Constr Build Mater. 2013;41:751–765. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.12.030
4.
RashadAM.A comprehensive overview about the influence of different additives on the properties of alkali-activated slag – a guide for civil engineer. Constr Build Mater. 2013;47:29–55. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.04.011
5.
RashadAM.A comprehensive overview about the influence of different admixtures and additives on the properties of alkali-activated fly ash. Mater Design. 2014;53:1005–1025. doi: 10.1016/j.matdes.2013.07.074
6.
PakravanHR, LatifiM, JamshidiM.Hybrid short fiber reinforced system in concrete: a review. Constr Build Mater. 2017;142:280–294. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.03.059
7.
VickersL, van RiessenA, RickardWDA.Fire-Resistant geopolymers – role of fibres and fillers to enhance thermal properties. Briefs Mater. 2015: 1–113. http://www.springer.com/series/10111.
8.
NewcombBA.Processing, structure, and properties of carbon fibers. Compos Part A. 2016;91:262–282. doi: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2016.10.018
9.
RanjbarN, MehruliM, BehniaA, A comprehensive study of the polypropylene fiber reinforced fly ash based geopolymer. PLoS ONE. 2016;11(1):1–20. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0147546.
10.
RanjbarN, TalebianS, MehtaliM, Mechanisms of interfacial bond in steel and polypropylene fiber reinforced geopolymer composites. Compos Sci Technol. 2016;122:73–81. doi: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2015.11.009
11.
ZhangZ-H, YaoX, ZhuH-J, Preparation and mechanical properties of polypropylene fiber reinforced calcined kaolin-fly ash based geopolymer. J Cent South Univ Technol.2009;16:49–52. doi: 10.1007/s11771-009-0008-4
12.
BhuttaA, BorgesPHR, ZanottiC, Flexural behavior of geopolymer composites reinforced with steel and polypropylene macro fibers. Cem Concr Compos. 2017;80:31–40. doi: 10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2016.11.014
13.
ElavarasanS, DhanadeepaK.Experimental investigation on hybrid fiber reinforced geopolymer concrete. Int J Innovative Res Sci Eng Technol. 2017;6(3):4114–4118.
14.
RahulS, MithanthayaIR, MaratheS.Study of strength characteristics of geopolymer concrete using ceramic aggregate as coarse aggregates with addition of polypropylene fibers. Int J Curr Eng Sci Res. 2017;4(E-5):42–46.
15.
KorniejenkoK, MikulaJ, LachM.Fly ash based fiber-reinforced geopolymer composites as the environmental friendly alternative to cementitious materials. Proceedings of 2015 International Conference on Bio-medical Engineering and Environmental Technology (BMEET 2015); 2015 March 21–22; London. p. 164–171.
16.
OhnoM, LiVC.A feasibility study of strain hardening fiber reinforced fly ash-based geopolymer composites. Constr Build Mater. 2014;57:163–168. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.02.005
17.
NematollahiB, SanjayanJ, ShaikhFUA.Comparative deflection hardening behavior of short fiber reinforced geopolymer composites. Constr Build Mater. 2014;70:54–64. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.07.085
18.
EkaputriJJ, JunaediS, Wijaya. Effect of curing temperature and fiber on metakaolin-based geopolymer. Procedia Eng. 2017;171:572–583. doi: 10.1016/j.proeng.2017.01.376
19.
YunshengZ, WeiS, ZongjinL, Impact properties of geopolymer based extrudates incorporated with fly ash and PVA short fiber. Constr Build Mater. 2008;22:370–383. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2006.08.006
20.
LiZ, ZhangY, ZhouX.Short fiber reinforced geopolymer composites manufactured by extrusion. J Mater Civil Eng. 2005;17(6):624–631. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)0899-1561(2005)17:6(624)
21.
ChoiS-J, ChoiJ-I, SongJ-K, Rheological and mechanical properties of fibers-reinforced alkali-activated composite. Constr Build Mater. 2015;96:112–118. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.182
VaidyaS, AlloucheEN.Strain sensing of carbon fiber reinforced geopolymer concrete. Mater Struct. 2011;44:1467–1475. doi: 10.1617/s11527-011-9711-3
30.
ZhangHY, KodurV, QiSL, Characterizing the bond strength of geopolymers at ambient and elevated temperatures. Cem Concrete Compos. 2015;58:40–49. doi: 10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2015.01.006
Villaquirán-CaicedoMA, de GutiérrezRM, GallegoNC.A novel MK-based geopolymer composite activated with rice husk ash and KOH: performance at high temperature. Mater De Construcción. 2017;67:3261–3213. doi:10.3989/mc.2017.02316.
33.
VijaiK, KumuthaR, VishnuramBG.Properties of glass fiber reinforced geopolymer concrete composites. Asian J Civil Eng. 2012;13(4):511–520.
34.
BhalchandraSA, BhosleAY.Properties of glass fibre reinforced geopolymer concrete. Int J Modern Eng Res. 2013;3(4):2007–2010.
35.
BalamuruganR, BalachandranR, KalaiyarasiS, Experimental investigation of glass fibre reinforced geo polymer concrete. Eng Sci Technol. 2017;7(2):15–19.
36.
SathanandamT, AwoyeraPO, VijayanV, Low carbon building: experimental insight on the use of fly ash and glass fibre for making geopolymer concrete. Sustainable Environ Res. 2017;27:146–153. doi: 10.1016/j.serj.2017.03.005
37.
BagheriA, NazariA, SanjayanJG.Fibre-reinforced boroaluminosilicate geopolymer: a comparative study. Ceramic International; In press 2018.
38.
PatilSS, PatilAA.Properties of polypropylene fiber reinforced geopolymer concrete. Int J Curr Eng Technol. 2015;5(4):2909–2912.
39.
EswaramoorthiP, ArunkumarGE.Fibers study on properties of geopolymer concrete with polypropylene. Int Ref J Eng Sci. 2014;3(2):60–75.
40.
ReedM, LokugeW, KarunasenaW.Fibre-reinforced geopolymer concrete with amnient curing for in situ applications. J Mater Sci. 2014;49:4297–4304. doi: 10.1007/s10853-014-8125-3
41.
GuoX, PanX.Mechanical properties and mechanisms of fiber reinforced fly ash-steel slag based geopolymer mortar. Constr Build Mater. 2018;179:633–641. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.05.198
42.
ChindaprasirtP, RattanasakU.Synthesis of polypropylene fiber/high-calcium fly ash geopolymer with outdoor heat exposure. Clean Technol Environ Policy. 2017;19:1985–1992. doi: 10.1007/s10098-017-1380-7
PuertasF, AmatT, Fernaández-JiménezA, Mechanical and durability behaviour of alkaline cement mortars reinforced with polypropylene fibres. Cem Concr Res. 2003;33:2031–2036. doi: 10.1016/S0008-8846(03)00222-9
45.
ZhuJ., ZhengW. Z., QinC. Z., XuZ, and WuY. Q., Effect of different fibers on mechanical properties and ductility of alkali-activated slag cementitious material. In 2nd International Conference on New Material and Chemical Industry (NMC12017), IOP Conf. Series; Materials Science and Engineering, 292, 2018, p. 1–7. doi:10.1088/1757-899X/292/1/012060.
46.
AbdollahnejadZ, ZhangZ, WangH, MastaliM.Comparative study on the drying shrinkage and mechanical properties of geopolymer foam concrete incorporating different dosages of fiber, sand and foam agents. In: HodrijkDA and Luković, editors. High tech concrete: where technology and engineering meet. Springer International Publishing. p. 42–48.
47.
SabNaJ, ThanushT, SreevidyaV.Influence of fibers in strength characteristics of ferro-geopolymer mortar. Int J Adv Struct Geotech Eng. 2014;3(1):23–27.
48.
ZhangZ, YaoX, ZhuH.Potential application of geopolymers as protection coatings for marine concrete I. basic properties. Appl Clay Sci. 2010;49:1–6. doi: 10.1016/j.clay.2010.01.014
49.
MasiG, RickardWDA, BignozziMC, The effect of organic and inorganic fibres on the mechanical and thermal properties of aluminate activated geopolymers. Composites Part B. 2015;76:218–228. doi: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2015.02.023
50.
TanyildiziH, YonarY.Mechanical properties of geopolymer concrete containing polyvinyl alcohol fiber exposed to high temperature. Constr Build Mater. 2016;126:381–387. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.09.001
51.
AhmedSFU, LuYY.Development of deflection-hardening geopolymer-based ductile fibre reinforced cementitious composites. J Chinese Adv Mater Soc. 2013;1(1):7–20. doi:10.1080/22243682.2013.771916.
52.
XuS, MalikMA, QiZ, Influence of the PVA fibers and SiO2 NPs on the structural properties of fly ash based sustainable geopolymer. Constr Build Mater. 2018;164:238–245. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.12.227
53.
ZanottiC, BorgesPHR, BhuttaA, Bond strength between concrete substrate and metakoalin geopolymer repair mortar: effect of curing regime and PVA fiber reinforced. Cem Concr Compos. 2017;80:307–316. doi: 10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2016.12.014
54.
BorgesPHR, BhuttaA, BavuzoLT, The effect of the alkaline solution content on the mechanical properties of MK-based PVA fiber-reinforced geopolymers. J Silic Based Compos Mater. 2017;69(1):13–18.
55.
Al-MajidiMH, LampropoulosAP, CundyAB, A novel corrosion resistance repair technique for existing reinforced concrete (RC) elements using polyvinyl alcohol fiber reinforced geopolymer concrete (PVAFRGC). Constr Build Mater. 2018;164:603–619. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.12.213
56.
PayakanitiP, PinitsoonthornS, ThongbaiP, Effect of carbon fiber on mechanical and electrical properties of fly ash geopolymer composite. Mater Today Proc. 2018;5:14017–14025. doi: 10.1016/j.matpr.2018.02.054
57.
ShaikhF, HaqueS.Behaviour of carbon and basalt fibers reinforced fly ash geopolymer at elevated temperatures. Int J Concr Struct Mater. 2018. doi:10.1186/s40069-018-0267-2.
58.
CuiH, FengT, YangH, Experimental study of carbon fiber reinforced alkali-activated slag composites with micro-encapsulated PCM for energy storage. Constr Build Mater. 2018;161:442–451. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.11.075
59.
TopolářL, RovnaníkP, SchmidP.Experimental evaluation of the effect of carbon fibers on acoustic emission parameters obtained during compressive strength tests of alkali-activated slag composites. International Conference Building Materials, Product and Technologies, IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 2018; Vol. 379; p. 1–6. doi:10.1088/1757-899X/379/1/012037.
60.
ŠimonováH, TopolářL, SchmidP, Fracture response of alkali-activated slag mortars reinforced by carbon fibers. International conference building materials. Product and technologies, IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 2018; Vol. 379; p. 1–6. doi:10.1088/1757-899X/379/1/012027.
61.
YanS, HeP, JiaD, Effect of fiber content on the microstructure and mechanical properties of carbon fiber felt reinforced geopolymer composites. Ceram Int. 2016;42:7837–7843. doi: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2016.01.197
62.
SachithanandamP, MeikandaanTP.Properties and strength of glass fibre reinforced geopolymer concrete. international journal of innovative research in science. Eng Technol. 2015;4(6):4409–4416.
63.
RaniKS, AnushaND.Experimental study of geopolymer concrete by using glass fibers. Int J Prof Eng Stud. 2016;III(1):142–150.
64.
PuertasF, Gil-MarotoA, PalaciosM, Alkali-activated slag mortars reinforced with Ar glassfibre. performance and properties. Materials de Construcción. 2006;56(283):79–90.
65.
NovaisRM, CarvalheirasJ, SeabraMP, Effective mechanical reinforcement of inorganic polymers using glass fibre waste. J Cleaner Prod. 2017;166:343–349. doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.07.242
