The Ti2AlNb alloy and TiBw/Ti64 composites were successfully bonded using a Ti interlayer at 900°C–1050°C for 20–80 min. The interface of the joints showed a layered microstructure. Moreover, the width of the diffusion zone gradually increased from 30 to 58 µm owing to sufficient atomic diffusion and phase transition at higher bonding temperatures with longer bonding times. The elemental concentration gradients caused by atomic diffusion promoted the precipitation of the O phase (Zone I) and the growth of the lamellar α phase (Zone II). A well-bonded joint was obtained and showed the highest shear strength of 460.9 MPa. Microcracks emerged in the diffusion zone and propagated into the TiBw/Ti64 substrate during the shear test, and the fracture mechanism inside the composites was intergranular ductile fracture mode.
LinP, HeZB, YuanSJ, Instability of the O-phase in Ti–22Al–25Nb alloy during elevated-temperature deformation. J Alloys Compd. 2013; 578:96–102. doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2013.05.018.
2.
WuYT, YangCT, KooCH.The effect of Nb content on the superplasticity of Ti-25Al-xNb alloy. Mater Chem Phys. 2002; 73:211–219. doi:10.1016/S0254-0584(01)00379-0.
3.
WangY, CaiXQ, YangZW, Microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of Ti-22Al-25Nb alloy joints brazed with Ti-Ni-Nb alloy. Mater Chem Phys. 2016; 182:488–497. doi:10.1016/j.matchemphys.2016.07.062.
4.
BanerjeeD, GogiaAK, NandyTK, A new ordered orthorhombic phase in a Ti3AlNb alloy. Acta Metall. 1988; 36:871–882. doi:10.1016/0001-6160(88)90141-1.
5.
YangJL, WangGF, ParkJM, Microstructural behavior and mechanical properties of nanocrystalline Ti-22Al-25Nb alloy processed by high-pressure torsion. Mater Charact. 2019; 151:129–136. doi:10.1016/j.matchar.2019.02.029.
6.
JiaoXY, WangDJ, YangJL, Microstructure analysis on enhancing mechanical properties at 750°C and room temperature of Ti-22Al-24Nb-0.5Mo alloy tubes fabricated by hot gas forming. J Alloys Compd. 2019; 789:639–646. doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2019.03.040.
7.
WangW, ZengWD, XueC, Microstructure control and mechanical properties from isothermal forging and heat treatment of Ti-22Al-25Nb (at.&per;) orthorhombic alloy. Intermetallics. 2015; 56:79–86. doi:10.1016/j.intermet.2014.07.011.
8.
XueC, ZengW, WangW, Coarsening behavior of lamellar orthorhombic phase and its effect on tensile properties for the Ti–22Al–25Nb alloy. Mater Sci Eng A. 2014; 611:320–325. doi:10.1016/j.msea.2014.05.076.
9.
SelvakumarM, ChandrasekarP, MohanrajM, Role of powder metallurgical processing and TiB reinforcement on mechanical response of Ti–TiB composites. Mater Lett. 2015; 144:58–61. doi:10.1016/j.matlet.2014.12.126.
10.
WangB, HuangLJ, GengL, Effects of heat treatments on microstructure and tensile properties of as-extruded TiBw/near-α Ti composites. Mater Des. 2015; 85:679–686. doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2015.07.058.
11.
ChenW, YangJ, ZhangW, Influence of TiBw volume fraction on microstructure and high-temperature properties of in situ TiBw/Ti6Al4 V composites with TiBw columnar reinforced structure fabricated by pre-sintering and canned extrusion. Adv Powder Technol. 2017; 28(9):2346–2356. doi:10.1016/j.apt.2017.06.016.
12.
ChenX, XieFQ, MaTJ, Effects of post-weld heat treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of linear friction welded Ti2AlNb alloy. Mater Des. 2016; 94:45–53. doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2016.01.017.
13.
ZhangK, NiL, LeiZ, In situ investigation of the tensile deformation of laser welded Ti2AlNb joints. Mater Charact. 2017; 123:51–57. doi:10.1016/j.matchar.2016.11.009.
14.
XieBC, QinC, NingYQ, Microstructure characterization and thermal stability of TC11/Ti2AlNb joints during thermal exposure. Mater Charact. 2018; 145:461–472. doi:10.1016/j.matchar.2018.09.015.
15.
CaiXQ, WangY, YangZW, Transient liquid phase (TLP) bonding of Ti2AlNb alloy using Ti/Ni interlayer: microstructure characterization and mechanical properties. J Alloys Compd. 2016; 678:9–17. doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2016.03.286.
16.
ZhuL, LiJS, TangB, Flow characteristics and deformation mechanisms for TiAl/Ti2AlNb diffusion bonded joint. Mater Chem Phys. 2018; 220:216–224. doi:10.1016/j.matchemphys.2018.08.066.
17.
ZhuL, LiJS, TangB, Microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of diffusion bonding high Nb containing TiAl alloy to Ti2AlNb alloy. Vacuum. 2019; 164:140–148. doi:10.1016/j.vacuum.2019.03.010.
18.
ZhuFH, ChenCJ, LiXF, Role of thermal cycle in joining Ti-6Al-4 V and Ti2AlNb-based alloys through diffusion bonding and post heat treatment. Mater Charact. 2019; 156:109830. doi:10.1016/j.matchar.2019.109830.
19.
LiP, JiX, XueK.Diffusion bonding of TA15 and Ti2AlNb alloys: interfacial microstructure and mechanical properties. J Mater Eng Perform. 2017; 26(4):1839–1846. doi:10.1007/s11665-017-2555-4.
20.
WangJ, FengY, ZhangFQ, Microstructure and mechanical property of SiC whisker coating modified C/C composite/Ti2AlNb alloy dissimilar joints prepared by transient liquid phase diffusion bonding. Ceram Int. 2020; 46:5937–5945. doi:10.1016/j.ceramint.2019.11.047.
21.
AboudiD, LebailiS, TaouinetM, Microstructure evolution of diffusion welded 304L/Zircaloy4 with copper interlayer. Mater Des. 2017; 116:386–394. doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2016.12.008.
22.
PanR, LinT, HeP, Design of the multiple transition metals interlayer process to diffusion bond ZrCx ceramics. Mater Des. 2018; 137:47–55. doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2017.10.027.
23.
LinT, LiC, SiXQ, An investigation on diffusion bonding of Cu/Cu using various grain size of Ni interlayers at low temperature. Materialia. 2020; 14:100882. doi:10.1016/j.mtla.2020.100882.
24.
WangJ, YangHT, LiPH, The microstructure and mechanical properties of YT5 cemented carbide/carbon-carbon composite joints prepared by transient liquid phase diffusion bonding using Ni/Cu/Ti multiple foils as joining materials. Vacuum. 2021; 187:110082. doi:10.1016/j.vacuum.2021.110082.
25.
Golden Renjith NimalRJ, ChenthilM, SangamaeswaranR, An investigation on microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of Zn coating as interlayer on Mg-Al alloys using diffusion bonding. Mater Today Proc. 2021; 46:3512–3516. doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2020.11.985.
PopovAA, IllarionovAG, GribSV, Phase and structural transformations in the alloy on the basis of the orthorhombic titanium aluminide. Phys Met Metallogr. 2008; 106(4):399–410. doi:10.1134/s0031918x08100104.
28.
BoehlertCJ, MajumdarBS, SeetharamanV, The microstructural evolution in Ti-Al-Nb O + Bcc orthorhombic alloys. Metall Mater Trans A Phys Metall Mater Sci. 1999; 30(9):2305–2323. doi:10.1007/s11661-999-0240-4.
29.
BenoîtA, LudovicH, ElisabethAG.Modelling of phase transformation kinetics in Ti alloys –isothermal treatments. Acta Mater. 2005; 53:3001–3011. doi:10.1016/j.actamat.2005.03.014.
30.
BoehlertCJ.Microstructure, creep, and tensile behavior of a Ti-12Al-38Nb (at.-%) beta þ orthorhombic alloy. Mater Sci Eng A. 1999; 267:82–98. doi:10.1016/S0921-5093(99)00024-6.
31.
HuangLJ, GengL, PengHX.Microstructurally inhomogeneous composites: Is a homogeneous reinforcement distribution optimal?Prog Mater Sci. 2015; 71:93–168. doi:10.1016/j.pmatsci.2015.01.002.
32.
HuangLJ, GengL, PengHX, Room temperature tensile fracture characteristics of in situ TiBw/Ti6Al4 V composites with a quasi-continuous network architecture. Scripta Mater. 2011; 64(9):844–847. doi:10.1016/j.scriptamat.2011.01.011.
