The consequence of friction stir welding (FSW) and activated-gas tungsten arc welding (A-GTAW) processes on the evolution of microstructure and mechanical properties of 9Cr–1Mo (P9) steel to 316LN stainless steel dissimilar weld joint is investigated. The FSW specimen shows considerably higher tensile strength (∼652 MPa) compared to A-GTAW specimen (∼595 MPa) as well as its base metal of P9 (∼642 MPa) and 316LN (∼608 MPa) owing to the formation of tempered martensite and refined austenite in P9 and 316LN weld portion, respectively. The cross-weld tensile test revealed that the specimens failed in the base metal of 316LN SS for both FSW and A-GTAW process with ductile mode fracture. This study proves that FSW could be an alternate joining technique.
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