Abstract
The following text is an extract from a long essay called ‘The Fifth Modernisation’, by Jin Sheng (real name Wei Jingsheng). The text was first made public in the form of wall-posters at Democracy Wall at the centre of Peking in December 1978. It was later published in Tansuo (‘Explorations’), an unofficial journal, in January 1979. The publisher and editor of Tansuo was Wei Jingsheng himself.