In-mould electromagnetic stirring (M-EMS) is a widely used technique during continuously casting (CC). To investigate the M-EMS effect on the inclusion motion and entrapment in a billet CC mould, a coupling mathematical model was developed. The result indicates that the M-EMS changes molten steel flow pattern and transient inclusion distributions in the mould. Inclusions have a tendency to move close to the mould centre under M-EMS. When the M-EMS is off, the distributions of inclusions in the solidified shell is relatively uniform. When the M-EMS is applied, many inclusions are entrapped near the stirrer mid-plane. Furthermore, distances of captured inclusions below the billet surface become larger. Additionally, the M-EMS has a significant effect on the overall removal fraction of inclusions. At last, detection of inclusions in samples obtained from a plant has been performed. A similar tendency can be found between the predicted and experimental results.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
TrindadeLBNadalonJEAVilelaACFet al.Numerical modeling of inclusion removal in electromagnetic stirred steel billets. Steel Res Int. 2007;78(9):708–713. doi: 10.1002/srin.200706273
2.
LiuZLiLLiB.Large eddy simulation of transient flow and inclusions transport in continuous casting mold under different electromagnetic brakes. JOM. 2016;68(8):2180–2190. doi: 10.1007/s11837-016-1988-9
3.
WangSZhangLWangQet al.Effect of electromagnetic parameters on the motion and entrapment of inclusions in FC-mold continuous casting strands. Metall Res Technol. 2016;113(2):205. doi: 10.1051/metal/2016003
4.
YangYJönssonPGErssonMet al.The influence of swirl flow on the flow field, temperature field and inclusion behavior when using a half type electromagnetic swirl flow generator in a submerged entry and mold. Steel Res Int. 2015;86(11):1312–1327. doi: 10.1002/srin.201400330
5.
NakashimaJKiyoseAOhtaniYet al.Improvement of slab surface quality with in-mold electromagnetic stirring. Nippon Steel Technical Report. 2002;86:61–67.
6.
WangSDe ToledoGAVälimaaKet al.Magnetohydrodynamic phenomena, fluid control and computational modeling in the continuous casting of billet and bloom. ISIJ Int. 2014;54(10):2273–2282. doi: 10.2355/isijinternational.54.2273
7.
GenmaNSoejimaTSaitoTet al.The linear-motor type In-mold electromagnetic stirring technique for the slab continuous caster. ISIJ Int. 1989;29(12):1056–1062. doi: 10.2355/isijinternational.29.1056
8.
LeiHGengDHeJ.A continuum model of solidification and inclusion collision-growth in the slab continuous casting caster. ISIJ Int. 2009;49(10):1575–1582. doi: 10.2355/isijinternational.49.1575
9.
LeiHJiangJYangBet al.Mathematical model for collision–coalescence Among inclusions in the bloom continuous caster with M-EMS. Metall Mater Trans B. 2018;49(2):666–676. doi: 10.1007/s11663-018-1186-y
10.
JavurekMGittlerPRösslerRet al.Simulation of nonmetallic inclusions in a continuous casting strand. Steel Res Int. 2005;76(1):64–70. doi: 10.1002/srin.200505974
11.
ChenWRenYZhangL.Large eddy simulation on the fluid flow, solidification and entrapment of inclusions in the steel along the full continuous casting slab strand. JOM. 2018.
12.
WangYZhangL.Fluid flow-related transport phenomena in steel slab continuous casting strands under electromagnetic brake. Metall Mater Trans B. 2011;42(6):1319–1351. doi: 10.1007/s11663-011-9554-x
13.
YuHZhuM.Influence of electromagnetic stirring on transport phenomena in round billet continuous casting mould and macrostructure of high carbon steel billet. Ironmak Steelmak. 2012;39(8):574–584. doi: 10.1179/0301923312Z.00000000058
14.
YuHZhuM.Three-Dimensional magnetohydrodynamic calculation for coupling multiphase flow in round billet continuous casting mold with electromagnetic stirring. IEEE Trans Magn. 2010;46(1):82–86. doi: 10.1109/TMAG.2009.2029910
15.
LiBTsukihashiF.Numerical estimation of the effect of the magnetic field application on the motion of inclusion in continuous casting of steel. ISIJ Int. 2003;43(6):923–931. doi: 10.2355/isijinternational.43.923
16.
LiuZLiBJiangMet al.Euler-Euler-Lagrangian modeling for Two-phase flow and particle transport in continuous casting mold. ISIJ Int. 2014;54(6):1314–1323. doi: 10.2355/isijinternational.54.1314
17.
WangQZhangLSridharS.Modeling on fluid flow and inclusion motion in centrifugal continuous casting strands. Metall Mater Trans B. 2016;47(4):2623–2642. doi: 10.1007/s11663-016-0701-2
18.
ThomasBGYuanQMahmoodSet al.Transport and entrapment of particles in steel continuous casting. Metall Mater Trans B. 2014;45(1):22–35. doi: 10.1007/s11663-013-9916-7
19.
LiuZLiB.Transient motion of inclusion cluster in vertical-bending continuous casting caster considering heat transfer and solidification. Powder Technol. 2016;287:315–329. doi: 10.1016/j.powtec.2015.10.025
20.
YuanQThomasBGVankaSP.Study of transient flow and particle transport in continuous steel caster molds: Part II. Particle transport. Metall Mater Trans B. 2004;35(4):703–714. doi: 10.1007/s11663-004-0010-z
21.
LeiSZhangJZhaoXet al.Study of molten steel flow and inclusions motion behavior in the solidification processes for high speed continuous casting slab by numerical simulation. Trans Indian Inst Metals. 2016;69(6):1193–1207. doi: 10.1007/s12666-015-0665-y
22.
PfeilerCThomasBGWuMet al.Solidification and particle entrapment during continuous casting of steel. Steel Res Int. 2008;79(8):599–607. doi: 10.1002/srin.200806172
23.
YinYZhangJLeiSet al.Numerical study on the capture of large inclusion in slab continuous casting with the effect of In-mold electromagnetic stirring. ISIJ Int. 2017;57(12):2165–2174. doi: 10.2355/isijinternational.ISIJINT-2017-347
24.
LeiSZhangJZhaoXet al.Numerical simulation of molten steel flow and inclusions motion behavior in the solidification processes for continuous casting slab. ISIJ Int. 2014;54(1):94–102. doi: 10.2355/isijinternational.54.94
25.
LiuZLiLLiBet al.Large eddy simulation of transient flow, solidification, and particle transport processes in continuous-casting mold. JOM. 2014;66(7):1184–1196. doi: 10.1007/s11837-014-1010-3
26.
PfeilerCWuMLudwigA.Influence of argon gas bubbles and non-metallic inclusions on the flow behavior in steel continuous casting. Mater Sci Eng A Struct Mater. 2005;413–414:115–120. doi: 10.1016/j.msea.2005.08.178
27.
LiuZLiB.Effect of vertical length on asymmetric flow and inclusion transport in vertical-bending continuous caster. Powder Technol. 2018;323(Supplement C):403–415. doi: 10.1016/j.powtec.2017.10.034
28.
LiuZLiBZhangLet al.Analysis of transient transport and entrapment of particle in continuous casting mold. ISIJ Int. 2014;54(10):2324–2333. doi: 10.2355/isijinternational.54.2324
29.
ZhangLWangY.Modeling the entrapment of nonmetallic inclusions in steel continuous-casting billets. JOM. 2012;64(9):1063–1074. doi: 10.1007/s11837-012-0421-2
30.
YinYZhangJDongQet al.Modelling on inclusion motion and entrapment during the full solidification in curved billet caster. Metals (Basel). 2018;8(5):320. doi: 10.3390/met8050320
31.
WangQZhangL.Determination for the entrapment criterion of Non-metallic inclusions by the solidification front during steel centrifugal continuous casting. Metall Mater Trans B. 2016;47(3):1933–1949. doi: 10.1007/s11663-016-0661-6
32.
DongQZhangJLiuQet al.Magnetohydrodynamic calculation for electromagnetic stirring coupling fluid flow and solidification in continuously cast billets. Steel Res Int. 2017;88(11):1700067. doi: 10.1002/srin.201700067
33.
LiuHXuMQiuSet al.Numerical simulation of fluid flow in a round bloom mold with In-mold rotary electromagnetic stirring. Metall Mater Trans B. 2012;43(6):1657–1675. doi: 10.1007/s11663-012-9737-0
34.
RenYWangYLiSet al.Detection of Non-metallic inclusions in steel continuous casting billets. Metall Mater Trans B. 2014;45(4):1291–1303. doi: 10.1007/s11663-014-0042-y
