The deformation in microstructures of DP600, DP800 and DP1000 commercial advanced high strength steels have been researched through using the representative volume element method. For this purpose, deformation analyses have been carried out by transferring geometrical models and mechanical properties of phases of each material to the finite element software. Deformation relation between ferrite and martensite phases was determined. According to the loading direction, Shear bands have been observed to occur in the range of approximately 40°–45°. It has been understood that the failure mode is shear for DP600, DP800 and DP1000 steels. Crack propagation has been observed to occur in the ferrite phase trapped at the martensite grain boundary.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
KuziakRKawallaRWaenglerS.Advanced high strength steels for automotive industry. Arch Civ Mech Eng. 2008;8(1):103–117. doi: 10.1016/S1644-9665(12)60197-6
2.
OliverSJonesTBFourlarisG.Dual phase versus TRIP strip steels: comparison of dynamic properties for automotive crash performance. 2007;23(4):423–431.
3.
WangWWeiX.The effect of martensite volume and distribution on shear fracture propagation of 600–1000MPa dual phase sheet steels in the process of deep drawing. Int J Mech Sci. 2013;67:100–107. doi: 10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2012.12.011
4.
HuhHKimSBSongJHet al.Dynamic tensile characteristics of TRIP-type and DP-type steel sheets for an auto-body. Int J Mech Sci. 2008;50:918–931. doi: 10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2007.09.004
5.
KalashamiAGKermanpurANajafizadehAet al.Development of a high strength and ductile Nb-bearing dual phase steel by cold-rolling and intercritical annealing of the ferrite martensite microstructures. Mater Sci Eng A. 2016;658:355–366. doi: 10.1016/j.msea.2016.02.028
6.
AlharbiKGhadbeigiHEfthymiadisPet al.Damage in dual phase steel DP1000 investigated using digital image correlation and microstructure simulation. Model Simul Mater Sci Eng. 2015;23:1–17. doi: 10.1088/0965-0393/23/8/085005
7.
KeelarSKimchiM.Advanced high-strength steels application guidelines version 5.0. World Auto Steel. 2014.
8.
RosenbergGSinaiováIJuharĽ. Effect of microstructure on mechanical properties of dual phase steels in the presence of stress concentrators. Mater Sci Eng A. 2013;582:347–358. doi: 10.1016/j.msea.2013.06.035
9.
GündüzSDemirBKaçarR.Effect of aging temperature and martensite by volume on strain aging behaviour of dual phase steel. Ironmak Steelmak. 2008;35(1):63–68. doi: 10.1179/174328107X203949
10.
PaulSK.Real microstructure based micromechanical model to simulate microstructural level deformation behavior and failure initiation in DP590 steel. Mater Des. 2013;44:397–406. doi: 10.1016/j.matdes.2012.08.023
11.
ÇavuşoğluOTorosSGürünH.Warm deformation and fracture behaviour of DP1000 advanced high strength steel. Ironmak Steelmak. 2017;1–8. doi: 10.1080/03019233.2017.1371959
12.
AhmadEManzoorTZiaiMMAet al.Effect of martensite morphology on tensile deformation of dual-phase steel. J Mater Eng Perform. 2012;21:382–387. doi: 10.1007/s11665-011-9934-z
13.
BagARayKKDwarakadasaES.Influence of martensite content and morphology on tensile and impact properties of high-martensite dual-phase steels. Metall and Mat Trans A. 1999;30:1193–1202. doi: 10.1007/s11661-999-0269-4
14.
SirinakornTWongwisesSUthaisangsukV.A study of local deformation and damage of dual phase steel. Mater Des. 2014;64:729–742. doi: 10.1016/j.matdes.2014.08.009
15.
ThomserCUthaisangsukVBleckW.Influence of martensite distribution on the mechanical properties of dual phase steels: experiments and simulation. Steel Res Int. 2009;80-8:578–83.
16.
PaulSKKumarA.Micromechanics based modeling to predict flow behavior and plastic strain localization of dual phase steels. Comput Mater Sci. 2012;63:66–74. doi: 10.1016/j.commatsci.2012.05.061
17.
SirinakornTUthaisangsukaVSrimanosawapalS.Microstructure based description of deformation behavior of dual phase steel sheets. Procedia Eng. 2014;81:1366–1371. doi: 10.1016/j.proeng.2014.10.158
18.
RodriguezRMGutierrezI.Unified formulation to predict the tensile curves of steels with different microstructures. Mater Sci Forum. 2003;426-432:4525–4530. doi: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.426-432.4525
19.
PaulSK.Effect of martensite volume fraction on stress triaxiality and deformation behavior of dual phase steel. Mater Des. 2013;50:782–789. doi: 10.1016/j.matdes.2013.03.096
20.
SodjitSUthaisangsukV.Microstructure based prediction of strain hardening behavior of dual phase steels. Mater Des. 2012;41:370–379. doi: 10.1016/j.matdes.2012.05.010
21.
SodjitSUthaisangsukV.A micromechanical flow curve model for dual phase steels. J Met Mater Miner. 2012;22-1:87–97.
22.
Hosseini-ToudeshkyHAnbarlooieBKadkhodapourJ.Micromechanics stress–strain behavior prediction of dual phase steel considering plasticity and grain boundaries debonding. Mater Des. 2015;68:167–176. doi: 10.1016/j.matdes.2014.12.013
23.
SunXChoiKSLiuWNet al.Predicting failure modes and ductility of dual phase steels using plastic strain localization. Int J Plast. 2009;25:1888–1909. doi: 10.1016/j.ijplas.2008.12.012
24.
KadkhodapourJAnbarlooieBHosseini-ToudeshkyHet al.Simulation of shear failure in dual phase steels using localization criteria and experimental observation. Comput Mater Sci. 2014;94:106–113. doi: 10.1016/j.commatsci.2014.02.046
25.
WeiXAsgariSAWangJTet al.Micromechanical modelling of bending under tension forming behaviour of dual phase steel 600. Comput Mater Sci. 2015;108:72–79. doi: 10.1016/j.commatsci.2015.06.012
26.
DavisJ.Tensile testing. 2nd ed. Materials Park, OH: ASM International; 2014.
27.
NesterovaEVBouvierSBacroixB.Microstructure evolution and mechanical behavior of a high strength dual-phase steel under monotonic loading. Mater Charact. 2015;100:152–162. doi: 10.1016/j.matchar.2014.11.031
28.
RamazaniASchwedtAAretzAet al.Characterization and modelling of failure initiation in DP steel. Comput Mater Sci. 2013;75:35–44. doi: 10.1016/j.commatsci.2013.04.001
29.
UthaisangsukVMuenstermannSPrahlUet al.A study of microcrack formation in multiphase steel using representative volume element and damage mechanics. Comput Mater Sci. 2011;50:1225–1232. doi: 10.1016/j.commatsci.2010.08.007
30.
PaulSK.Micromechanics based modeling of dual phase steels: prediction of ductility and failure modes. Comput Mater Sci. 2012;56:34–42. doi: 10.1016/j.commatsci.2011.12.031
31.
SaaiAHopperstadOSGranbomYet al.Influence of volume fraction and distribution of martensite phase on the strain localization in dual phase steels. Procedia Mater Sci. 2014;3:900–905. doi: 10.1016/j.mspro.2014.06.146
32.
OliverSJonesTBFourlarisG.Dual phase versus TRIP strip steels: microstructural changes as a consequence of quasi-static and dynamic tensile testing. Mater Charact. 2007;58:390–400. doi: 10.1016/j.matchar.2006.07.004
33.
MuszkaKHodgsonPDMajtaJ.Study of the effect of grain size on the dynamic mechanical properties of microalloyed steels. Mater Sci Eng A. 2009;500:25–33. doi: 10.1016/j.msea.2008.09.069
34.
LiaoJSousaJALopesABet al.Mechanical, microstructural behaviour and modelling of dual phase steels under complex deformation paths. Int J Plast. 2016;79:1–18. doi: 10.1016/j.ijplas.2015.12.001
35.
ChoiKSLiuWNSunXet al.Influence of martensite mechanical properties on failure mode and ductility of dual-phase steels. Metall Mater Trans A. 2009;40:796–809. doi: 10.1007/s11661-009-9792-6
