A crystal plasticity finite element model was proposed considering slip and twinning interactions. The grain morphology and crystallographic orientations were introduced into the model to describe the microstructure of duplex polycrystalline Mg–9Li–Al. The activation of the slip systems and the strain localisation with respect to initial grain orientations were investigated. In addition, the effects of phase distributions and volume fractions on the macroscopic responses and on strain hardening rates were analysed. The results show that the strain hardening is rate-dependent but the texture is less sensitive to strain rate. The distribution of a phase and its volume fraction play primary roles in governing the mechanical response.
WuRZ, QuZK, ZhangML.Reviews on the influences of alloying elements on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-Li base alloys. Rev Adv Mater Sci. 2010;24(1/2): 35–43.
2.
JiangLY, ZhangDF, FanXW, Microstructure and mechanical properties of as-extruded AZ80-x Sn magnesium alloys. Mater Sci Technol. 2016;32(18):1838–1844. doi: 10.1179/1743284715Y.0000000146
3.
LvY, LiuM, XuY, The electrochemical behaviors of Mg-8Li-0.5 Y and Mg-8Li-1Y alloys in sodium chloride solution. J Power Sources. 2013;239:265–268. doi: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.03.112
4.
BhattacharyaR, WynneBP.Hot working and crystallographic texture analysis of magnesium AZ alloys. Mater Sci Technol. 2011;27(2):461–477. doi: 10.1179/026708309X12578491814799
5.
KulekciMK.Magnesium and its alloys applications in automotive industry. Int J Adv Manuf Tech. 2008;39(9):851–865. doi: 10.1007/s00170-007-1279-2
6.
WitteF, FischerJ, NellesenJ, In vitro and in vivo corrosion measurements of magnesium alloys. Biomaterials. 2006;27(7):1013–1018. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2005.07.037
LouXY, LiM, BogerRK, Hardening evolution of AZ31B Mg sheet. Int J Plast. 2007;23(1):44–86. doi: 10.1016/j.ijplas.2006.03.005
9.
AgnewSR, ToméCN, BrownDW, Study of slip mechanisms in a magnesium alloy by neutron diffraction and modeling. Scr Mater. 2003;48(8):1003–1008. doi: 10.1016/S1359-6462(02)00591-2
10.
BarnettMR.Twinning and the ductility of magnesium alloys: part I: “tension” twins. Mater Sci Eng A. 2007;464(1):1–7. doi: 10.1016/j.msea.2006.12.037
11.
Del ValleJA, CarreñoF, RuanoOA.Influence of texture and grain size on work hardening and ductility in magnesium-based alloys processed by ECAP and rolling. Acta Mater. 2006;54(16):4247–4259. doi: 10.1016/j.actamat.2006.05.018
12.
DobroňP, ChmelíkF, YiS, Grain size effects on deformation twinning in an extruded magnesium alloy tested in compression. Scr Mater. 2011;65(5):424–427. doi: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2011.05.027
13.
VermaRK, BiswasP.Crystal plasticity-based modelling of grain size effects in dual phase steel. Mater Sci Technol. 2016;32(15):1553–1558. doi: 10.1080/02670836.2015.1131959
14.
BohlenJ, NürnbergMR, SennJW, The texture and anisotropy of magnesium-zinc-rare earth alloy sheets. Acta Mater. 2007;55(6):2101–2112. doi: 10.1016/j.actamat.2006.11.013
15.
JiangJ, BrittonTB, WilkinsonAJ.The orientation and strain dependence of dislocation structure evolution in monotonically deformed polycrystalline copper. Int J Plast. 2015;69:102–117. doi: 10.1016/j.ijplas.2015.02.005
16.
TangJG, ZhangXM, ChenZY, Simulation of rolling deformation texture of fcc metals with crystal plasticity finite element model. Mater Sci Technol. 2006;22(10):1171–1176. doi: 10.1179/174328406X111075
17.
XiBL, FangG.Crystal plasticity behavior of single-crystal pure magnesium under plane-strain compression. Rare Met. 2017;36(7):541–549. doi: 10.1007/s12598-016-0856-7
18.
SunC, WangB, PolitisDJ, Prediction of earing in TWIP steel sheets based on coupled twinning crystal plasticity model. Int J Adv Manuf Tech. 2017;89 (9-12):3037–3047. doi: 10.1007/s00170-016-9291-z
19.
LiH, WuC, YangH.Crystal plasticity modeling of the dynamic recrystallization of two-phase titanium alloys during isothermal processing. Int J Plast. 2013;51:271–291. doi: 10.1016/j.ijplas.2013.05.001
20.
RobsonJD, StanfordN, BarnettMR.Effect of precipitate shape on slip and twinning in magnesium alloys. Acta Mater. 2011;59(5):1945–1956. doi: 10.1016/j.actamat.2010.11.060
21.
StanfordN, BarnettMR.The origin of “rare earth” texture development in extruded Mg-based alloys and its effect on tensile ductility. Mater Sci Eng A. 2008;496(1):399–408. doi: 10.1016/j.msea.2008.05.045
22.
AgnewSR, MulayRP, PolesakFJ, In situ neutron diffraction and polycrystal plasticity modeling of a Mg-Y-Nd-Zr alloy: effects of precipitation on individual deformation mechanisms. Acta Mater. 2013;61(10):3769–3780. doi: 10.1016/j.actamat.2013.03.010
23.
AkhtarA, TeghtsoonianE.Solid solution strengthening of magnesium single crystals-ii the effect of solute on the ease of prismatic slip. Acta Metall. 1969;17(11):1351–1356. doi: 10.1016/0001-6160(69)90152-7
24.
BirolY.Effect of solute Mg on grain size of aluminium alloys. Mater Sci Technol. 2012;28(8):924–927. doi: 10.1179/1743284712Y.0000000024
25.
StanfordN, BarnettMR.Solute strengthening of prismatic slip, basal slip and twinning in Mg and Mg-Zn binary alloys. Int J Plast. 2013;47:165–181. doi: 10.1016/j.ijplas.2013.01.012
26.
SandlöbesS, ZaeffererS, SchestakowI, On the role of non-basal deformation mechanisms for the ductility of Mg and Mg-Y alloys. Acta Mater. 2011;59(2):429–439. doi: 10.1016/j.actamat.2010.08.031
27.
DancetteS, DelannayL, RenardK, Crystal plasticity modeling of texture development and hardening in TWIP steels. Acta Mater. 2012;60(5):2135–2145. doi: 10.1016/j.actamat.2012.01.015
28.
LiY, ZhuL, LiuY, On the strain hardening and texture evolution in high manganese steels: experiments and numerical investigation. J Mech Phys Solids. 2013;61(12):2588–2604. doi: 10.1016/j.jmps.2013.08.007
29.
LebensohnR, ToméCN.A self-consistent viscoplastic model: prediction of rolling textures of anisotropic polycrystals. Mater Sci Eng A. 1994;175(1-2):71–82. doi: 10.1016/0921-5093(94)91047-2
30.
ToméCN, LebensohnRA, KocksUF.A model for texture development dominated by deformation twinning: application to zirconium alloys. Acta Metallurgica et Materialia. 1991;39(11):2667–2680. doi: 10.1016/0956-7151(91)90083-D
31.
KalidindiSR.Incorporation of deformation twinning in crystal plasticity models. J Mech Phys Solids. 1998;46(2):267273–271290. doi: 10.1016/S0022-5096(97)00051-3
32.
PrakashA, HochrainerT, ReisacherE, Twinning models in self-consistent texture simulations of TWIP steels. Steel Res Int. 2008;79(8):645–652. doi: 10.1002/srin.200806178
33.
SalehAA, PerelomaEV, GazderAA.Microstructure and texture evolution in a twinning-induced-plasticity steel during uniaxial tension. Acta Mater. 2013;61(7):2671–2691. doi: 10.1016/j.actamat.2013.01.051
34.
TariV, RollettAD, El KadiriH, The effect of deformation twinning on stress localization in a three dimensional TWIP steel microstructure. Modell Simul Mater Sci Eng. 2015;23(4):045010. doi: 10.1088/0965-0393/23/4/045010
35.
GuCF, HoffmanM, TothLS, Grain size dependent texture evolution in severely rolled pure copper. Mater Charact. 2015;101:180–188. doi: 10.1016/j.matchar.2015.02.003
36.
LeeMG, KimSJ, HanHN.Crystal plasticity finite element modeling of mechanically induced martensitic transformation (MIMT) in metastable austenite. Int J Plast. 2010;26(5):688–710. doi: 10.1016/j.ijplas.2009.10.001
37.
SheikhH, EbrahimiR, BagherpourE.Crystal plasticity finite element modeling of crystallographic textures in simple shear extrusion (SSE) process. Mater Des. 2016;109:289–299. doi: 10.1016/j.matdes.2016.07.030
38.
SunCY, GuoN, FuMW, Modeling of slip, twinning and transformation induced plastic deformation for TWIP steel based on crystal plasticity. Int J Plast. 2016;76:186–212. doi: 10.1016/j.ijplas.2015.08.003
39.
SunCY, GuoXR, HuangJ, Modelling of plastic deformation on coupling twinning of single crystal TWIP steel. Acta Metall Sin. 2015;51(3):357–363.
40.
KalidindiSR, BronkhorstCA, AnandL.Crystallographic texture evolution in bulk deformation processing of FCC metals. J Mech Phys Solids. 1992;40(3):537–569. doi: 10.1016/0022-5096(92)80003-9
41.
KalidindiSR.Modeling anisotropic strain hardening and deformation textures in low stacking fault energy fcc metals. Int J Plast. 2001;17(6):837–860. doi: 10.1016/S0749-6419(00)00071-1
42.
HasijaV, GhoshS, MillsMJ, Deformation and creep modeling in polycrystalline Ti-6Al alloys. Acta Mater. 2003;51(15):4533–4549. doi: 10.1016/S1359-6454(03)00289-1
43.
KothariM, AnandL.Elasto-viscoplastic constitutive equations for polycrystalline metals: application to tantalum. J Mech Phys Solids. 1998;46(1):5169–6783. doi: 10.1016/S0022-5096(97)00037-9
44.
DekaD, JosephDS, GhoshS, Crystal plasticity modeling of deformation and creep in polycrystalline Ti-6242. Metall Mater Trans A. 2006;37(5):1371–1388. doi: 10.1007/s11661-006-0082-2
45.
ChoiSH, ShinEJ, SeongBS.Simulation of deformation twins and deformation texture in an AZ31 Mg alloy under uniaxial compression. Acta Mater. 2007;55(12):4181–4192. doi: 10.1016/j.actamat.2007.03.015
46.
YalcinkayaT, BrekelmansWAM, GeersMGD.BCC single crystal plasticity modeling and its experimental identification. Modell Simul Mater Sci Eng. 2008;16(8):085007. doi: 10.1088/0965-0393/16/8/085007
47.
StaroselskyA, AnandL.A constitutive model for hcp materials deforming by slip and twinning: application to magnesium alloy AZ31B. Int J Plast. 2003;19(10):1843–1864. doi: 10.1016/S0749-6419(03)00039-1
48.
KorlaR, ChokshiAH.Strain-rate sensitivity and microstructural evolution in a Mg–Al–Zn alloy. Scr Mater. 2010;63(9):913–916. doi: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2010.06.047
